Sleep architecture and factors associated with sleep bruxism diagnosis scored by polysomnography recordings: A case-control study

• Published in: Archives of oral biology Vol. 112; p. 104685
• Main Authors: de Holanda, Thiago Azario, Castagno, Clarissa Delpizo, Barbon, Fabiola Jardim, Costa, Yuri Martins, Goettems, Marília Leão, Boscato, Noéli
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-04-2020
• Subjects: Dentistry; Diagnostic; Polysomnography; Sleep architecture; Sleep bruxism; Sleep stages; Sleep stages; Diagnostic; Sleep architecture; Polysomnography; Sleep bruxism
• ISSN: 0003-9969; 1879-1506
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104685

•Polysomnography represents the gold standard for sleep bruxism diagnosis.•Normal body mass index and alcohol consumption were associated with sleep bruxism.•Sleep architecture showed differences between bruxers and non-bruxers.
This study evaluated the association between the diagnosis of sleep bruxism (SB), scored by way of polysomnographic (PSG) recordings, clinical conditions and sleep architecture.
A case-control study was conducted. All records from adults who had undergone polysomnography (PSG) recordings at a private medical outpatient clinic between January 2015 and December 2017 were reviewed. The sample included 58 bruxers (case group) and 58 non-bruxers (control group), identified based on the PSG recording and matched by sex and age.
Obese individuals had significantly lower chance (OR 0.18; 95 % CI: 0.05-0.62; P = 0.005) of an SB diagnosis than individuals with normal BMI. Alcohol consumption significantly increased (OR 2.74; 95 % CI: 1.11–6.78; P = 0.029) and OSA decreased the chances (OR 0.55; 95 % CI: 0.23–1.30; P = 0.173) of an SB diagnosis. Bruxers had a significantly shorter wake time after sleep onset (WASO) (p = 0.002). As far as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) is concerned, the duration of stage N1 was statistically shorter (p = 0.034) and the duration of stage N3 was statistically longer (p = 0.001) in bruxers. Arousals (p = 0.013), arousals per hour (p = 0.009), respiratory disturbance index (RDI) values (p < 0.0005) and the apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI) (p = 0.002) were all lower in bruxers than in non-bruxers.
The results of this study support a significant association between SB diagnosis, BMI and alcohol consumption. SB modified the sleep architecture as statistically significant differences were found between bruxers and non-bruxers for WASO, NREM stage N1 and N3, arousals, arousals per hour, RDI and AHI.