Control of the Selectivity of Separation and the Determination of Anthocyanins of Fruits of Vaccinium Family Plants Using Acetonitrile–Formic Acid–Water Eluents

• Published in: Journal of analytical chemistry (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 75; no. 11; pp. 1443 - 1450
• Main Authors: Deineka, V. I., Oleinits, E. Yu, Kul’chenko, Ya. Yu, Blinova, I. P., Deineka, L. A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01-11-2020; Springer
• Subjects: Acetonitrile; Analytical Chemistry; Anthocyanin; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Formic acid; Organic acids; control of separation selectivity; anthocyanins; fruits; monomeric and polymeric anthocyanins; HPLC
• ISSN: 1061-9348; 1608-3199
• DOI: 10.1134/S1061934820090087

It is shown that the selectivity of the separation of 15 anthocyanins from an extract of bilberries (3-galactosides, 3-glucosides and 3-arabinosides of the five main anthocyanins: cyanidin, peonidin, delphinidin, petunidin, and malvidin) with eluents containing acetonitrile and 10 vol % HCOOH in water can be controlled by varying the concentration of acetonitrile and separation temperature. A gradient mode at a separation temperature of 25°C is proposed for the rapid separation of all components without the introduction of methanol into the mobile phase. The developed method is used to determine anthocyanins in a number of commercial fruit products of plants of the
Vaccinium
family: bilberries, bog bilberries, cranberries, and lingonberries. A chromatographic version for eliminating the absorbance of polymer anthocyanins in the determination of monomeric compounds in complex mixtures is proposed as an alternative to differential spectrophotometry.