Fabrication of ultra-fine grained and dispersion-strengthened titanium materials by spark plasma sintering

• Published in: Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing Vol. 437; no. 2; pp. 423 - 429
• Main Authors: Handtrack, Dirk, Despang, F., Sauer, C., Kieback, B., Reinfried, N., Grin, Y.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15-11-2006; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Contact of materials. Friction. Wear; Dispersion strengthened titanium; Exact sciences and technology; Hardness; High energy milling; Mechanical properties; Mechanical properties and methods of testing. Rheology. Fracture mechanics. Tribology; Metal powders; Metals. Metallurgy; Powder metallurgy. Composite materials; Production techniques; Spark plasma sintering; Ti 5Si 3 dispersoids; Mechanical properties; Spark plasma sintering; Ti 5Si 3 dispersoids; High energy milling; Dispersion strengthened titanium; Grain size; Ball mill; Hardness; X ray diffraction; Optimization; Ti5Si3 dispersoids; Transmission electron microscopy; Fine grain structure; Titanium; Wear resistance; Microstructure; Formation mechanism; Strength
• ISSN: 0921-5093; 1873-4936
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2006.07.143

Titanium materials with high strength and hardness at room temperature have been developed by introducing very fine Ti
5Si
3 dispersoids into an ultra-fine grained titanium matrix. After high-energy ball milling of a Ti–Si powder mixture SPS (spark plasma sintering) was used to consolidate the granules. For both process steps, an optimization of the parameters was necessary. XRD, SEM and TEM were used to investigate the mechanism of formation of Ti
5Si
3 dispersoids during SPS at various sintering temperatures and sintering times and furthermore, to characterize the microstructure with regards to titanium matrix grain size, dispersoid size and dispersoid distribution. The new material shows high hardness, strength and improved wear resistance in comparison to other titanium materials.