Understanding the Families' Perceptions of Adapted Physical Activity for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder through Metaphors

• Published in: Healthcare (Basel) Vol. 11; no. 2; p. 267
• Main Authors: Orhan, Bekir Erhan, Karaçam, Aydın, Özdemir, Ali Selman, Gökçelik, Eda, Sabuncu, Alpar Aser, Talaghir, Laurențiu-Gabriel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 15-01-2023; MDPI
• Subjects: adapted physical education; Autism; Communication; Content analysis; Data collection; Ethics; Exercise; Metaphor; Motor ability; physical activity; Physical education; Physical fitness; Qualitative research; Social interaction; special education; special needs; Istanbul Turkey; Turkey; adapted physical education; special needs; special education; physical activity
• ISSN: 2227-9032; 2227-9032
• DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020267

The aim of this study was to understand the perceptions, understanding and experiences of the families of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) related to adapted physical activity (APA), and their educators, through their use of metaphors. The research was based on systematic content analysis in the qualitative research model. The data were collected based on metaphors. The participants included 85 families of individuals with ASD attending private institutions operating in Istanbul and Ankara. The metaphors used by the families were examined under two headings: adapted physical activities, and educators. When the metaphors used to describe APA were examined, four themes emerged, education, emotion, support and development, and these themes were divided into the categories of guidance, skill, affection, and care. When the metaphorical perceptions of educators were examined, three themes emerged: education, emotion, and social adaptation. These were further categorized as experience, knowledge, entertainment, independence, happiness, and treatment. The metaphors showed that experiences in APA support increased self-confidence for individuals with autism spectrum disorder and support the social adaptation of individuals who have the opportunity to apply knowledge and experience. This research shows that families have positive perceptions of APA educators and their lessons.