Revisiting the use of the EORTC QLQ-STO22 to assess health-related quality of life of patients with gastric cancer: incorporating updated treatment options and cross-cultural perspectives

• Published in: Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association Vol. 27; no. 4; pp. 722 - 734
• Main Authors: Sodergren, S. C., Hurley-Wallace, A., Vassiliou, V., Alkhaffaf, B., Batsaikhan, B., Darlington, A. S., Fleitas-Kanonnikof, T., Guren, M. G., Honda, M., Kim, Y. W., Kim, S., Krishnamurthy, M. N., Loh, S. Y., Turhal, N. S., Zhou, J., Dennis, K., Krishnatry, R., Terashima, M., Tsironis, G., Yoshikawa, T., Terada, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore Springer Nature Singapore 01-07-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abdominal Surgery; Adult; Aged; Cancer Research; Cancer therapies; Cross-Cultural Comparison; Female; Gastric cancer; Gastroenterology; Humans; Literature reviews; Male; Medical personnel; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Neuropathy; Oncology; Original; Original Article; Patients; Quality of Life; Stomach Neoplasms - psychology; Stomach Neoplasms - therapy; Surgical Oncology; Surveys and Questionnaires; East Asia; Health-related quality of life; EORTC QLQ-STO22; Cross-cultural comparison; Gastric cancer
• ISSN: 1436-3291; 1436-3305; 1436-3305
• DOI: 10.1007/s10120-024-01492-8

Background
The EORTC QLQ-STO22 (QLQ-STO22) is a firmly established and validated measure of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for people with gastric cancer (GC), developed over two decades ago. Since then there have been dramatic changes in treatment options for GC. Also, East Asian patients were not involved in the development of QLQ-STO22, where GC is most prevalent and the QLQ-STO22 is widely used. A review with appropriate updating of the measure was planned. This study aims to capture HRQoL issues associated with new treatments and the perspectives of patients and health care professionals (HCPs) from different cultural backgrounds, including East Asia.
Methods
A systematic literature review and open-ended interviews were preformed to identify potential new HRQoL issues relating to GC. This was followed by structured interviews where HCPs and patients reviewed the QLQ-STO22 alongside new issues regarding relevance, importance, and acceptability.
Results
The review of 267 publications and interviews with 104 patients and 18 HCPs (48 and 9 from East Asia, respectively) generated a list of 58 new issues. Three of these relating to eating small amounts, flatulence, and neuropathy were recommended for inclusion in an updated version of the QLQ-STO22 and covered by five additional questions.
Conclusions
This study supports the content validity of the QLQ-STO22, suggesting its continued relevance to patients with GC, including those from East Asia. The updated version with additional questions and linguistic changes will enhance its specificity, but further testing is required.