Electricity production with living plants on a green roof: environmental performance of the plant-microbial fuel cell

• Published in: Biofuels, bioproducts and biorefining Vol. 7; no. 1; pp. 52 - 64
• Main Authors: Helder, Marjolein, Chen, Wei-Shan, van der Harst, Eugenie J.M., Strik, David P.B.T.B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01-01-2013
• Subjects: Anode material; Anodes; Bio-electricity production and supply; Biochemical fuel cells; Bioelectric phenomena; Biomass; Biomass energy technologies; Biomass productions; Co-products; Commerce; Copper wires; Current collector; design; Electric power generation; Electricity; Electricity production; Electrophysiology; Energy technologies; Energy technology; Environmental impact; Environmental management; Environmental performance; Fossil fuels; Gold coatings; Gold wire; Granular activated carbons; Green roof; Life cycle; Life cycle assessment; Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Life cycle engineering; Markets; Microbial fuel cells; plant-microbial fuel cell; Power out put; Power plants; Roofs; Sustainable energy sources; Technology; Wire
• ISSN: 1932-104X; 1932-1031; 1932-1031
• DOI: 10.1002/bbb.1373

Several renewable and (claimed) sustainable energy sources have been introduced into the market during the last century in an attempt to battle pollution from fossil fuels. Especially biomass energy technologies have been under debate for their sustainability. A new biomass energy technology was introduced in 2008: the plant‐microbial fuel cell (P‐MFC). In this system, electricity can be generated with living plants and thus bioelectricity and biomass production can be combined on the same surface. A green roof producing electricity with a P‐MFC could be an interesting combination. P‐MFC technology is nearing implementation in the market and therefore we assessed the environmental performance of the system with an early stage life cycle assessment (LCA). The environmental performance of the P‐MFC is currently worse than that of conventional electricity production technologies. This is mainly due to the limited power output of the P‐MFC and the materials presently used in the P‐MFC. Granular activated carbon (anode material), gold wires (current collectors), and Teflon‐coated copper wires (connecting anode and cathode) have the largest impact on environmental performance. Use of these materials needs to be reduced or avoided and alternatives need to be sought. Increasing power output and deriving co‐products from the P‐MFC will increase environmental performance of the P‐MFC. At this stage it is too early to compare the P‐MFC with other (renewable) energy technologies since the P‐MFC is still under development. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd