Genotoxic effects of stannous chloride (SnCl 2) in K562 cell line

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology Vol. 40; no. 10; pp. 1493 - 1498
• Main Authors: Dantas, F.J.S., de Mattos, J.C.P., Moraes, M.O., Viana, M.E., Lage, C.A.S., Cabral-Neto, J.B., Leitão, A.C., Bernardo-Filho, M., Bezerra, R.J.A.C., Carvalho, J.J., Caldeira-de-Araújo, A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-10-2002; New York, NY Elsevier Science
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Cell Survival - drug effects; Chemical and industrial products toxicology. Toxic occupational diseases; Coloring Agents; Comet assay; DNA damage; DNA Damage - drug effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; Humans; K562; K562 Cells; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Medical sciences; Metals and various inorganic compounds; Mutagens - toxicity; Reactive Oxygen Species - pharmacology; SnCl 2; Tin Compounds - toxicity; Toxicology; Trypan Blue; K562; GST, glutathione S-transferase; Trypan blue; SnCl 2; DNA damage; FBS, fetal bovine serum; PBS, phosphate buffered saline; DEX, dexamethasone; TBS, Tris-buffered saline; Comet assay; LMPA, low-melting point agarose; ROS, reactive oxygen species; ActD, actinomycin D; Toxicity; DNA; Genotoxicity; Tin compound; In vitro; Tin Chlorides; Heavy metal
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/S0278-6915(02)00087-X

The toxic effects of SnCl
2 in K562 cells were analyzed in this study. This cell line is resistant to reactive oxygen species (ROS) making it suitable to evaluate the impact of SnCl
2 in culture either through ROS or by direct toxicity using Trypan blue dye exclusion, comet and flow cytometry assays. An important loss of viability induced by SnCl
2 in a dose–response manner was observed in cells treated in Tris-buffered saline (TBS). This necrotic cell death was further confirmed by flow cytometry. On the other hand, there was no loss of viability when cells were treated in rich medium (RPMI). DNA damage was visualized in SnCl
2-treated K562 cells in both tested conditions. The data indicate that SnCl
2 induces DNA damage and reduces K562 viability. Both actions seem to be correlated with ROS formation and direct linkage to DNA.