Polishing Methods' Influence on Color Stability and Roughness of 2 Provisional Prosthodontic Materials

• Published in: Journal of prosthodontics Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 564 - 571
• Main Authors: Soares, Irenaldo André, Leite, Priscilla Kelly Batista da Silva, Farias, Ohana Rodrigues, Lemos, George Azevedo, Batista, André Ulisses Dantas, Montenegro, Robinsom Viegas
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-06-2019
• Subjects: Acrylic resins; Coffee; Color; Cotton; dental polishing; Dentistry; food coloring agents; Immersion; Prosthodontics; provisional dental restoration; Shade; Statistical analysis; Tungsten; food coloring agents; dental polishing; Acrylic resins; provisional dental restoration
• ISSN: 1059-941X; 1532-849X
• DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13062

Purpose
To evaluate the roughness and color change of a conventional acrylic resin and a bis‐acryl resin, submitted to different types of polishing and exposed to a staining solution.
Materials and Methods
One hundred specimens were manufactured from an autopolymerizing conventional acrylic resin (Duralay, shade 66) (n = 50) and a bis‐acryl resin (Protemp 4, shade A3) (n = 50) according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Specimens were subdivided into 10 groups (n = 10), according to the type of resin and polishing method, including no‐polishing (control groups for acrylic resin [tungsten bur finishing] and bis‐acryl resin [cotton and alcohol]), Enhance System, Edenta kit, Labordental kit, and sandpaper. The specimens were immersed in a staining solution (coffee at 60°C) for 7 days. Surface roughness was evaluated before the first immersion (baseline – Ra1) and after 7 days (Ra2). The color change (∆E) was determined after 24 hours (∆E1) and 7 days (∆E2), by CIE L* a* b* scale. Data were statistically analyzed with 3‐way ANOVA for repeated measures test and Tukey test (α = 0.05).
Results
According to 3‐way ANOVA test, material, polishing techniques, and polishing*material factors exhibited statistically significant influence (p < 0.0001) on the roughness, and, for color change, material, polishing techniques, time, polishing*material, and material*time factors were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The polishing techniques successfully reduced the surface roughness of acrylic resin groups, when compared to control (p < 0.001), but for bis‐acryl resin, results were not different from the control group (Enhance: p = 0.954, Edenta: p = 0.866, sandpaper: p = 0.366, Labordental: p = 0.945). Surface roughness was not affected by the immersion in staining solution for 7 days. Color change of acrylic resin groups after 24 hours and 7 days of immersion exhibited a clinically acceptable value (ΔE < 3.7) with the exception of the Enhance group, and all bis‐acryl resin groups exhibited a clinically unacceptable color change value (ΔE > 3.7) independent of polishing technique and time interval (∆E1 and ∆E2).
Conclusions
Roughness of both materials was similar when the polishing techniques studied were performed, although Ra values were superior to the clinically acceptable values (0.20 µm), and were not affected by the immersion protocol studied; however, when esthetics are critical, the selection of material type is more important than the surface treatment technique used, and bis‐acryl resin was more susceptible to clinically unacceptable color change after immersion in a staining solution.