Cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of Rosmaniric Acid on Allium cepa L. root meristem cells

• Published in: Food and chemical toxicology Vol. 121; pp. 444 - 449
• Main Authors: Liman, Recep, Ciğerci, İbrahim Hakkı, Gökçe, Süleyman
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-11-2018
• Subjects: Allium cepa test; Chromosome aberration; Chromosome Aberrations - drug effects; Cinnamates - chemistry; Cinnamates - pharmacology; Comet Assay; Depsides - chemistry; Depsides - pharmacology; DNA damage; DNA Damage - drug effects; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects; Mass spectrometry; Meristem - cytology; Meristem - drug effects; Molecular Structure; Onions - cytology; Plant Roots - cytology; Rosmarinic Acid; Allium cepa test; Chromosome aberration; Mass spectrometry; DNA damage; Comet assay
• ISSN: 0278-6915; 1873-6351
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.022

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenol carboxylic acid, an ester of caffeic acid with 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid, found in many species. Current study was aimed to investigate the mitotic division, chromosomal and genotoxic effects of RA on Allium cepa root meristematic cells. In Allium root growth inhibition test, EC50 value was found as 100 ppm. Three concentrations (50, 100, and 200 ppm) of RA under different exposure periods (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) were employed to onion tuber roots. Distilled water and methyl methane sulfonate (MMS, 10 ppm) were used as a negative and positive control, respectively. 100 (except 24 h) and 200 ppm of RA significantly decreased mitotic index (MI). There was an increase of total chromosomal aberrations (CAs) at 50 ppm and simultaneous decrease of CAs at 200 ppm concentrations (p < 0.05). A significant increase in DNA damage was also observed at 200 ppm by Comet assay. Quantitative analysis of RA in A. cepa root meristem cells was also done by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Further investigations are required to explore the molecular mechanism involved in the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of RA on plants.
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•Cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of Rosmaniric Acid were studied.•100 and 200 ppm of RA decreased mitotic index and total chromosome aberrations.•200 ppm of RA increased DNA damage.•Quantitative analysis of RA was done by LC-MS/MS.