Pediatric emergency care admissions for somatic symptom disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

• Published in: European journal of pediatrics Vol. 182; no. 2; pp. 957 - 964
• Main Authors: Turco, R., Russo, M., Lenta, S., Apicella, A., Gagliardo, T., Savoia, F., Corona, A. M., De Fazio, F., Bernardo, P., Tipo, V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-02-2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adolescents; Child; Children; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Emergency medical care; Emergency Medical Services; Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Medically Unexplained Symptoms; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Mental disorders; Mental Disorders - epidemiology; Pandemics; Pediatrics; Retrospective Studies; Somatoform disorders; Study Protocol; COVID-19; Somatic symptom disorders; Emergency department; Children
• ISSN: 1432-1076; 0340-6199; 1432-1076
• DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04687-2

During the COVID-19 pandemic, children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders experienced an exacerbation of their symptoms with more access to the emergency department (ED). However, little is known about the experience of somatic symptom disorders (SSDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic in children. Therefore, we aimed to compare the rates of pediatric ED admissions for SSDs before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and to understand whether the relative risk of ED admissions for SSDs changed between the two periods. We retrospectively enrolled all children between 4 and 14 years admitted for SSDs in the pediatric ED of Santobono-Pausilipon Hospital, Naples, Italy, from March 11th, 2020, to March 11th, 2021 (pandemic period), and in the same time period of the previous year (pre-pandemic period). We identified 205/95,743 (0,21%) children with SSDs presenting in ED in the pre-pandemic year and 160/40,165 (0,39%) in the pandemic year (
p
 < 0.05). Considering the accesses for age, we observed a relative decrease of the accesses for SSDs over 12 years old (IRR 0,59; CI 0,39–0,88), while we found no differences under 12 years old (IRR 0,87; CI 0,68–1,10).
   Conclusion:
 In this study, we found that despite the massive decrease in pediatric admissions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, somatic symptom disorders’ admissions to the pediatric ED increased, suggesting an impact of the pandemic also on pediatric psychiatric disorders.
What is Known:
• During the COVID -19 pandemic, children and adolescents with a psychiatric disorder experienced exacerbation of their symptoms with more accesses in Emergency Department.
What is New:
• We found that despite the massive decrease of the pediatric admissions due to the COVID-19 pandemic, somatic symptom disorders admissions in healthy children to the pediatric Emergency Department increased ,suggesting an impact of the pandemic also on the pediatric psychiatric disorders