Effectiveness and tolerability of a new lipid-altering agent, gemcabene, in patients with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

• Published in: The American journal of cardiology Vol. 92; no. 5; pp. 538 - 543
• Main Authors: Bays, Harold E, McKenney, James M, Dujovne, Carlos A, Schrott, Helmut G, Zema, Michael J, Nyberg, Jack, MacDougall, Diane E
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 01-09-2003; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anticholesteremic Agents - administration & dosage; Anticholesteremic Agents - pharmacology; Apolipoprotein A-I - blood; Apolipoprotein A-I - drug effects; Apolipoprotein A-II - blood; Apolipoprotein A-II - drug effects; Apolipoproteins B - blood; Apolipoproteins B - drug effects; Apolipoproteins C - blood; Apolipoproteins C - drug effects; Apolipoproteins E - blood; Apolipoproteins E - drug effects; Biological and medical sciences; Caproates - administration & dosage; Caproates - pharmacology; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL - blood; Cholesterol, HDL - deficiency; Cholesterol, HDL - drug effects; Cholesterol, LDL - blood; Cholesterol, LDL - drug effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Schedule; Effectiveness; Female; General and cellular metabolism. Vitamins; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia - blood; Hypercholesterolemia - complications; Hypercholesterolemia - drug therapy; Hypertriglyceridemia - blood; Hypertriglyceridemia - complications; Lipids; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Patients; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; Treatment Outcome; Triglycerides - blood; Human; Chemotherapy; Prognosis; Treatment; Cholesterol HDL; Toxicity; Metabolic diseases; Cholesterol LDL; Lipids; Dyslipemia; Antilipemic agent
• ISSN: 0002-9149; 1879-1913
• DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00721-5

This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of gemcabene, a new lipid-altering agent, in a double-blind, randomized, dose-response study of 161 patients with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol of <35 mg/dl and serum triglyceride (TG) levels of either ≥200 (n = 94) or <200 mg/dl (n = 67). After a 6-week, placebo, dietary lead-in period, patients were administered either 150, 300, 600, or 900 mg of gemcabene or placebo once daily for 12 weeks. In the TG ≥200 mg/dl stratum, gemcabene significantly increased serum HDL cholesterol by 18% with corresponding significant increases of 6% in both apolipoprotein A-I and A-II levels at the 150-mg dose. HDL cholesterol levels also increased 12% at the 300-mg dose; however, this did not reach statistical significance. Also, in the TG ≥200 mg/dl stratum, serum TG levels were significantly reduced by 27% and 39% at the 150- and 300-mg doses of gemcabene, respectively. No significant differences were found in serum HDL cholesterol or TG levels in the TG ≥200 mg/dl groups that received 600 or 900 mg of gemcabene, or in TG <200 mg/dl groups administered any dose of gemcabene. However, at these higher 600- and 900-mg doses, gemcabene significantly reduced serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels by 15% to 25%, respectively, in both TG strata, with proportionate decreases in the levels of apolipoprotein B. Gemcabene was well tolerated with a frequency of adverse events similar to that of placebo. In conclusion, at the lower doses, gemcabene significantly increased HDL cholesterol and reduced TG serum levels in patients with low HDL cholesterol and TG ≥200 mg/dl. At the higher doses, gemcabene significantly reduced LDL cholesterol levels in all patients with low HDL cholesterol.