Immunization against bovine herpesvirus-1 infection. Preliminary tests in calves with a DNA vaccine

• Published in: Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases Vol. 27; no. 3; pp. 171 - 179
• Main Authors: Castrucci, G, Ferrari, M, Marchini, C, Salvatori, D, Provinciali, M, Tosini, A, Petrini, S, Sardonini, Q, Lo Dico, M, Frigeri, F, Amici, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01-05-2004; Elsevier
• Subjects: Animals; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Biological and medical sciences; Bovine herpesvirus 1; Calves; Cattle; Cattle Diseases - immunology; Cattle Diseases - prevention & control; Cattle Diseases - virology; DNA vaccine; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Herpesviridae Infections - immunology; Herpesviridae Infections - prevention & control; Herpesviridae Infections - veterinary; Herpesviridae Infections - virology; Herpesvirus 1, Bovine - immunology; Herpèsvirus-1-bovin; Immunization - veterinary; Microbiology; Miscellaneous; Neutralization Tests - veterinary; Vaccin ADN; Vaccines, DNA - administration & dosage; Vaccines, DNA - adverse effects; Vaccines, DNA - genetics; Vaccines, DNA - immunology; Veaux; Viral Proteins - genetics; Viral Proteins - immunology; Viral Vaccines - administration & dosage; Viral Vaccines - adverse effects; Viral Vaccines - genetics; Viral Vaccines - immunology; Virology; DNA vaccine; Calves; Bovine herpesvirus-1; Vaccin ADN; Veaux; Herpèsvirus-1-bovin; Immunization; Bovine; Microbiology; Herpesviridae; Alphaherpesvirinae; Bovine herpesvirus 1; Genetic vaccine; Virus; Infection; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Immunology; Artiodactyla; Veterinary; Ungulata
• ISSN: 0147-9571; 1878-1667
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2003.09.001

A bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) vaccine expressing glycoprotein D, the form with the transmembrane anchor removed, was evaluated for inducing immunity in calves. The plasmid encoding gD of BHV-1 was injected three times to nine calves, using three animals for each of the following routes: intramuscularly (i.m.), intradermally (i.d.), or intranasally (i.n.). Three additional calves were given the plasmid vector only and served as unvaccinated controls. When calves were subjected to challenge infection with BHV-1, all vaccinated calves as well as the controls developed a typical severe form of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. However, compared to the controls, the vaccinated calves showed earlier clearance of challenge virus. Moreover, the calves given the vaccine i.m. developed neutralizing antibody to BHV-1 between 21 and 42 days following the first injection of vaccine, whereas in calves vaccinated either i.d. or i.n., as well as the controls, antibody first appeared in their sera 14 days post-challenge infection.
On a évalué chez le veau un vaccin antiherpès bovin 1 exprimant la glycoprotéine D.
Dans la forme dépourvue de l'ancre transmembranaire, le plasmide codant pour la glycoprotéine D a été injecté à trois reprises à neuf veaux répartis en trois groupes:•Un groupe recevant l'injection par voie intramusculaire•Un groupe recevant l'injection par voie intradermique•Un groupe recevant l'injection par voie intranasale.
Trois autres veaux auxquels seul le plasmide vecteur à été injecté ont servi de témoins non vaccinés.
Après l'infection par le virus herpès 1, tous ces animaux, tant les veaux vaccinés que les veaux témoins ont développé une forme grave de rhinotrachéite bovine Toutefois, chez les veaux vaccinés, le virus a été éliminé plus tôt que chez les veaux témoins.
Par ailleurs, les veaux qui ont reçu le vaccin par voie intramusculaire ont développé des anticorps neutralisant entre 21 et 42 jours après la première injection du vaccin alors que pour tous les autres veaux la présence d'anticorps dans les sérums a été décelée 14 jours après l'épreuve d'une infection.