Impact of headache on a supplemental healthcare emergency unit and on use of opioids

ABSTRACT Background: Headache is one of the most common causes of emergency care and migraines are the most common primary headache in this regard. Objective: The aim of this research study was to assess the incidence of medical consultations due to headache, along with demographic characteristics a...

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Published in:Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria Vol. 79; no. 7; pp. 579 - 583
Main Authors: Silva, Aline Vitali da, Kiy, Letícia Mayumi Carvalho, Alves, Caroline de Almeida, Kirylko, Gabriela Cristina, Bello, Valéria Aparecia, Poli-Frederico, Regina Célia
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Sao Paulo Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 01-07-2021
Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO
Academia Brasileira de Neurologia (ABNEURO)
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Summary:ABSTRACT Background: Headache is one of the most common causes of emergency care and migraines are the most common primary headache in this regard. Objective: The aim of this research study was to assess the incidence of medical consultations due to headache, along with demographic characteristics and treatments pertaining to cephalalgia that were offered to patients cared for in supplemental healthcare emergency rooms. Methods: In 2017, a total of 11,105 consultations took place, and 4,865 (43.8%) of them were complaints relating to headache. 407 records of patients with headache were randomly selected and assessed. Demographic, clinical and therapeutic data were collected using a structured form. Results: The cause of headache was diagnosed as migraine in 60.0% of the patient records. Patients were mostly female (75.2%), with an average age of 33.9 ± 13.7 years. Patient management consisted of administering dipyrone in 62.4% of cases, antiemetics in 66.9%, corticosteroids in 58.9%, opioids in 24.3% and NSAIDs in 13.5%. Use of opioids was associated with a diagnosis of migraine (OR 2.4; CI 1.4-3.9; p = 0.001). Patients who received opioids were kept under observation for longer periods of time (OR 3.4; CI 2.1-5.4; p < 0.001) and exhibited a higher rate of use of antiemetics (OR 11.0; CI 4.7-25.9; p < 0.001), compared with patients who did not receive opioids. Conclusion: Dipyrone and antiemetics were administered to most of the patients. Opioids were used for a significant proportion of these individuals, despite the diagnosis of migraine, a condition for which their use is discouraged. RESUMO Introdução: Cefaleia é uma das causas mais frequentes de atendimentos de emergência, sendo que a migrânea é a cefaleia primária mais comum nesse contexto. Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de atendimentos por cefaleias, bem como as características demográficas e o tratamento oferecido aos pacientes atendidos em Pronto Atendimento da Saúde Suplementar. Métodos: No ano de 2017 foram realizados 11.105 atendimentos, sendo 4.865 (43,8%) por queixa de cefaleia. Foram selecionados randomicamente a analisados 407 prontuários de pacientes com cefaleia. Os dados demográficos, clínicos e terapêuticos foram coletados através de formulário estruturado. Resultados: A causa da cefaleia foi diagnosticada como migrânea em 60,0% dos prontuários. Os pacientes eram em sua maioria do sexo feminino (74,9%), com média de idade de 33,9±13,7 anos. O manejo dos pacientes constitui-se na administração de dipirona em 62,4%, antiemético 66,9%; corticóide 58,9%, opióide 24,3% e, por fim, AINE foi utilizado em 13,5% dos casos. O uso de opióide foi associado ao diagnóstico de migrânea (OR 2,4; CI 1,4-3,9; p=0,001). Pacientes que receberam opióide também tiveram maior tempo de permanência (OR 3,4; IC 2,1-5,4; p<0,001) e maior taxa de uso de antiemético (OR 11,0; CI 4,7-25,9; p<0,001), quando comparados aos pacientes que não receberam opióides. Conclusão: Dipirona e antiemético foram administrados na maioria dos pacientes. Opióide foi utilizado em parcela importante de indivíduos a despeito do diagnóstico de migrânea, condição na qual seu uso é desaconselhado.
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ISSN:0004-282X
1678-4227
1678-4227
DOI:10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0188