Identification of potential therapeutic targets from bioinformatics analysis of necroptosis and immune infiltration in acute myocardial infarction

• Published in: Journal of cardiothoracic surgery Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 524 - 15
• Main Authors: Ma, Likang, Chen, Keyuan, Li, Jiakang, Xie, Linfeng, Zhang, Zhaofeng, Zarif, Mohammad, Chai, Tianci, Wu, Qingsong, Chen, Liangwan, Qiu, Zhihuang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England BioMed Central Ltd 11-09-2024; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Acute myocardial infarction; Bioinformatics analyses, Immune Infiltration; Computational Biology; Genes; Genetic transcription; Health aspects; Heart attack; Humans; Myocardial Infarction - genetics; Myocardial Infarction - immunology; Myocardial Infarction - pathology; Necroptosis; Necroptosis - genetics; Necroptosis - physiology; Targeted therapy; Taiwan; Bioinformatics analyses, Immune Infiltration; Acute myocardial infarction; Necroptosis; Targeted therapy
• ISSN: 1749-8090; 1749-8090
• DOI: 10.1186/s13019-024-03038-6

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a serious, deadly disease with a high incidence. However, it remains unclear how necroptosis affects the pathophysiology of AMI. Using bioinformatic analyses, this study investigated necroptosis in AMI.
We obtained the GSE66360 dataset related to AMI by the GEO database. Venn diagrams were used to identify necroptosis-related differential genes (NRDEGs). The genes with differential expression in AMI were analyzed using gene set enrichment analysis, and a PPI network was established. A transcription factor prediction and enrichment analysis were conducted for the NRDEGs, and the relationships between AMI, NRDEGs, and immune cells were determined. Finally, in the additional dataset, NRDEG expression levels, immune infiltration, and ROC curve analysis were confirmed, and gene expression levels were further verified experimentally.
GSEA revealed that necroptosis pathways were significantly enriched in AMI. We identified 10 NRDEGs, including TNF, TLR4, FTH1 and so on. Enrichment analysis indicated that the NOD-like receptor and NF-kappa B signaling pathways were significantly enriched. Four NRDEGs, FTH1, IFNGR1, STAT3, and TLR4, were identified; however, additional datasets and further experimental validation are required to confirm their roles. In addition, we determined that a high abundance of macrophages and neutrophils prompted AMI development.
In this study, four potential genes that affect the development of AMI through necroptosis (FTH1, IFNGR1, STAT3, and TLR4) were identified. In addition, we found that a high abundance of macrophages and neutrophils affected AMI. This helps determine the pathological mechanism of necroptosis and immune cells that influence AMI and provides a novel strategy for targeted therapy.