The effect of lipid supplementation on growth and fatty acid composition of Tapes philippinarum spat

• Published in: Aquaculture Vol. 162; no. 3; pp. 287 - 299
• Main Authors: Caers, Marrit, Coutteau, Peter, Lombeida, Pablo, Sorgeloos, Patrick
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 15-03-1998; Elsevier Science; Elsevier Sequoia S.A
• Subjects: ACIDE GRAS; ACIDOS GRASOS; ALGAE; Algal supplement; ALIMENTACION DE PECES; ALIMENTATION DES POISSONS; Animal aquaculture; Animal productions; Animal reproduction; Biological and medical sciences; Bivalve; Chaetoceros neogracile; COMPLEMENT ALIMENTAIRE; CONCHYLICULTURE; CRECIMIENTO; CRIA DE MOLUSCOS; CROISSANCE; Diet; Dunaliella; Dunaliella tertiolecta; Fatty acid; FATTY ACIDS; FISH FEEDING; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; GROWTH; Invertebrate aquaculture; Isochrysis galbana; Lipid; LIPIDE; LIPIDOS; LIPIDS; Marine; MOLLUSC CULTURE; Mollusca; Mollusks; Physical growth; SUPLEMENTOS; SUPPLEMENTS; TAPES; TAPES (GENERO); TAPES (GENUS); Tapes philippinarum; Tetraselmis; Tetraselmis suecica; Tapes philippinarum; Algal supplement; Bivalve; Fatty acid; Lipid; Assimilation; Growth; Chlorophycophyta; Dunaliella tertiolecta; Lipids; Supplemented diet; Docosahexaenoic acid; Body composition; Marine environment; Bivalvia; Tetraselmis suecica; Shellfish breeding; Thallophyta; Isochrysis galbana; Algae; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Chrysophycophyta; Young animal; Feeding; Food intake; Invertebrata; Mollusca; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Food supply; Aquaculture
• ISSN: 0044-8486; 1873-5622
• DOI: 10.1016/S0044-8486(98)00221-X

The present study investigated the possible use of emulsions as an artificial lipid supplement to live algae for seed of the Manila clam
Tapes philippinarum. The uptake and assimilation of an emulsion, rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6
n−3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5
n−3) and fed at concentrations of 20 and 40% of the algal dry weight, were verified analytically by fatty acid analysis of the animals and their diets. Dietary requirements for
n−3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) were examined by supplementing
Dunaliella tertiolecta, which contains no polyunsaturated fatty acids longer than 18:3
n−3 and
Tetraselmis suecica, which contains EPA but only trace amounts of DHA. An algal mixture of
Isochrysis galbana (clone T-Iso) and
Chaetoceros neogracile (1:1, on dry weight basis) was used as the control diet. After 4 weeks, the lipid supplementation resulted in a significant increase of the DHA level in the seed compared to the animals fed non-supplemented
Dunaliella (from 9.5 to 19.8 and 22.0% at a supplementation of 20 and 40%, respectively) or
Tetraselmis (from 3.4 to 24.8 and 26.9%, at a supplementation of 20 and 40%, respectively) diet. Feeding solely
D. tertiolecta resulted in a significantly lower daily growth rate (DGR) compared to animals fed
T. suecica or the mixed algal diet. Lipid supplementation improved the DGR of the clams fed
D. tertiolecta while hardly any effect could be detected in those fed
T. suecica. The poor nutritional value of
D. tertiolecta was indicated by the continuous decrease of the DGR and resulted in a DGR that was no longer significantly different from the starved ones at the end of the experiment.