Bioactive Polyphenols Modulate Enzymes Involved in Grapevine Pathogenesis and Chitinase Activity at Increasing Complexity Levels

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 24; p. 6357
• Main Authors: Filippi, Antonio, Petrussa, Elisa, Boscutti, Francesco, Vuerich, Marco, Vrhovsek, Urska, Rabiei, Zohreh, Braidot, Enrico
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17-12-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Acids; Ailanthus - chemistry; Bioactive compounds; Biological activity; Biological control; Cells, Cultured; Chitinase; Chitinases - metabolism; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods; Enzymes; Foliar applications; Gene expression; Grapes; Grapevines; Immune system; Mass Spectrometry - methods; Metabolites; Microorganisms; Multiple criterion; Olea - chemistry; Pathogenesis; Pathogenesis-related proteins; Pathogens; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - analysis; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plant Proteins - metabolism; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - analysis; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Viticulture; Vitis - drug effects; Vitis - metabolism; polyphenols; chitinase; Olea europaea; pathogenesis-related protein; plant extracts; Ailanthus altissima; TOPSIS; Vitis vinifera
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246357

The reduction of synthetic chemistry use in modern viticulture relies on either the biological control of microorganisms or the induction of pathogenesis-related proteins. In the present study, the effects of hydro-alcoholic plant extracts (PEs) (i.e., by-products of
L., leaves of
L. and
(Mill.) Swingle) were tested on purified enzymes activity involved in plant-pathogen interactions. The polyphenolic composition was assayed and analyzed to characterize the extract profiles. In addition, suspension cell cultures of grapevine were treated with PEs to study their modulation of chitinase activity. Application of grape marc's PE enhanced chitinase activity at 4 g L
. Additionally, foliar treatment of grape marc's PE at two doses (4 g L
and 800 g L
) on grapevine cuttings induced a concentration-dependent stimulation of chitinase activity. The obtained results showed that the application of bioactive compounds based on PEs, rich in phenolic compounds, was effective both at in vitro and ex/in vivo level. The overall effects of PEs on plant-pathogen interaction were further discussed by applying a multi-criteria decision analysis, showing that grape marc was the most effective extract.