Comparative evaluation of condylar volume between patients with unilateral condylar hyperplasia and Class III dentofacial deformity

• Published in: Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery Vol. 75; no. 1; pp. 180 - 188
• Main Authors: Goulart, Douglas Rangel, DDS, MSc, PhD, Muñoz, Pablo, DDS, MSc, Cantín López, Mario Gonzalo, DDS, MSc, PhD, de Moraes, Márcio, DDS, MSc, PhD, Olate, Sergio, DDS, MSc, PhD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-01-2017
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Dentistry; Dentofacial Deformities - complications; Dentofacial Deformities - diagnostic imaging; Dentofacial Deformities - pathology; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Malocclusion, Angle Class III - complications; Malocclusion, Angle Class III - diagnostic imaging; Malocclusion, Angle Class III - pathology; Mandibular Condyle - abnormalities; Mandibular Condyle - diagnostic imaging; Mandibular Condyle - pathology; Organ Size; Surgery; Young Adult; Facial asymmetry; Prognathism; Mandibular condyle; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
• ISSN: 0278-2391; 1531-5053
• DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.09.002

Abstract Purpose To compare the condylar volume of patients with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) and patients with a Class III skeletal relationship. Methods A total of 20 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of patients were analyzed. The images were divided into two groups: 10 from patients with transverse asymmetry of the face and 10 from patients with a Class III facial deformity. Patients were aged between 15 and 30 years. The volumetric data were reconstructed using Dolphin 3D® software (Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, USA). This software measured the condylar volume above the deepest point of the sigmoid notch, the lower arch midline deviation and overjet. Results The condyle with hyperplasia exhibited the greatest volume (1.97 ± 0.52 cm3 ) and a statistically significant difference, when compared with the contralateral condyle (X2 =14.30; p<0.01). The Class III patients exhibited relative symmetry of volume between the left and right sides. These condyles exhibited a greater volume, when compared with the non-hyperplastic condyles in the UCH group, with a statistically significant difference (X2 =6.22; p=0.013; X2 =5.50; p=0.019). Conclusions Hyperplastic condyles were similar, in terms of volume, to the condyles of patients with mandibular prognathism, suggesting that patients with a Class III skeletal relationship could exhibit bilateral condylar hyperplasia.