Magnetite-sporopollenin/graphene oxide as new preconcentration adsorbent for removal of polar organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 25; no. 35; pp. 35130 - 35142
• Main Authors: Markus, Ayuba, Gbadamosi, Afeez O., Yusuff, Adeyinka S., Agi, Augustine, Oseh, Jeffrey
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-12-2018; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adsorbents; Adsorptivity; Aquatic Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Beans; Beta decay; Dimethoate; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Electron capture; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Environmental science; Gas chromatography; Graphene; Iron oxides; Linearity; Magnetite; Organophosphorus pesticides; Pesticide toxicity; Pesticides; Phenthoate; Phosphamidon; Research Article; Solid phases; Tomatoes; Vegetables; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollution Control; Graphene oxide; Adsorption; Magnetic solid phase extraction; Sporopollenin; Pesticides; Magnetic nanoparticles
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3402-3

In this study, a new magnetic adsorbent based on magnetite-sporopollenin/graphene oxide (Fe
3
O
4
-SP/GO) was successfully developed. The adsorbent was applied for magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) of three selected polar organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), namely, dimethoate, phenthoate, and phosphamidon, prior to gas chromatography analysis with electron capture detection (GC-μECD). The Fe
3
O
4
-SP/GO adsorbent combines the advantages of superior adsorption capability of the modified sporopollenin (SP) with graphene oxide (GO) and magnetite (Fe
3
O
4
) for easy isolation from sample solution. Several MSPE parameters were optimized. Under optimized conditions, excellent linearity (
R
2
 ≥ 0.9994) was achieved using matrix match calibration in the range of 0.1 to 500 ng mL
−1
. The limit of detection (LOD) method (S/N = 3) was from 0.02 to 0.05 ng mL
−1
. The developed Fe
3
O
4
-SP/GO MSPE method was successfully applied for the determination of these three polar OPPs in cucumber, long beans, bell pepper, and tomato samples. Good recoveries (81.0–120.0%) and good relative standard deviation (RSD) (1.4–7.8%,
n
 = 3) were obtained for the spiked OPPs (1 ng mL
−1
) from real samples. This study is beneficial for adsorptive removal of toxic pesticide compounds from vegetable samples.