Components of hybrid vigor in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and their relationship with environment

• Published in: Euphytica Vol. 195; no. 1; pp. 117 - 127
• Main Authors: Tyagi, Priyanka, Bowman, Daryl T, Bourland, Fred M, Edmisten, Keith, Campbell, B. Todd, Fraser, Dawn E, Wallace, Ted, Kuraparthy, Vasu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer-Verlag 2014; Springer Netherlands; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Agricultural biotechnology; Agricultural production; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Cotton; Cotton industry; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genetic engineering; Genetics and breeding of economic plants; Gossypium hirsutum; heterosis; Heterosis. Floral biology applications: apomixy, male sterility, incompatibility, varia; Hybrids; Life Sciences; lint cotton; lint yield; Plant breeding: fundamental aspects and methodology; Plant Genetics and Genomics; Plant Pathology; Plant Physiology; Plant Sciences; Selective breeding; Yield; yield components; United States > US; Lint yield; Yield components; Cotton; Breeding; Heterosis; Malvaceae; Fiber crop; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Genetic improvement; Spermatophyta; Gossypium hirsutum; Yield component; Cotton fiber
• ISSN: 0014-2336; 1573-5060
• DOI: 10.1007/s10681-013-0987-y

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) hybrids display commercially useful levels of heterosis for lint yield. Cotton lint yield is primarily a multiplicative product of boll number and lint per boll, both of which can be further dissected into sub-components. Relationships among the yield components are complex where they further interact with the environment. To identify different yield components of hybrid cotton lint yield and their relationship with environment, three cotton varieties, DP51, STV474 and LA887 and, their respective hybrids were evaluated for lint yield components across five environments. Heterosis was observed for lint yield as well as yield components. The relationship between heterosis and mean environmental yield was negative for two hybrid combinations, whereas one hybrid showed increased heterosis from low to high yielding environments. Boll number was the major yield component contributing to lint yield. However, yield components contributing to the change in heterosis from low to high yielding environments were different for the three hybrids. The change in lint yield heterosis across environments was correlated with lint per boll and lint per seed for DP51 × STV474 and LA887 × DP51. Whereas, bolls number and boll retention were the main yield components contributing to higher lint yield heterosis of STV474 × LA887 in low yielding environments. Results also reveal effects of parental entries on lint yield as well as relationship of heterosis and environment.