Modelling of spatially and temporally-varying cavity pressures in air-permeable, double-layer roof systems

• Published in: Building and environment Vol. 82; pp. 135 - 150
• Main Authors: Oh, Jeong Hee, Kopp, Gregory A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2014; Elsevier
• Subjects: Accuracy; Air-permeable cladding; Applied sciences; Buildings; Buildings. Public works; Climatology and bioclimatics for buildings; Computation methods. Tables. Charts; Construction; Discharge equation; Exact sciences and technology; External envelopes; External pressure; Holes; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical models; Panels; Parallel plates; Pressure equalization; Roof; Structural analysis. Stresses; Wind loads; Air-permeable cladding; Pressure equalization; Discharge equation; Wind loads; Spatial variability; Sensitivity analysis; Pressure distribution; Cladding product; Experimental study; Modeling; Time variation; Gas permeability; Air flow; Wind tunnel; Cavity; Analytical method; Numerical simulation; Wind load; Roofing; Comparative study; Double wall
• ISSN: 0360-1323; 1873-684X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.08.008

This paper discusses the development of an analytical model to simulate time-varying pressure distributions (Cpi) in the cavity of air-permeable layer, double-layer systems, given pressure data on the external surface (Cpe). The model was derived considering the pressure drops associated with the flow through the gaps between panels, which is like an orifice flow, and the cavity flow between parallel plates. Thus, the model uses two primary equations: the unsteady discharge equation and the equation for unsteady flow between two parallel plates. The model accounts for several geometric parameters including the gap (G) between the panels, the height (H) of the panel above the airtight layer and the length (L) of the panels, as well as the loss coefficients for the orifice and cavity flows. The proposed model is able to capture the fluctuations of Cpi and a good agreement is found between the numerical and experimental results for the mean, RMS and peak coefficients, to a great extent, when spanwise-averaged external pressure coefficients are used as input. For large gap-to-height ratios (i.e., G/H = 12.5), the model accuracy decreases.
•An analytical model was developed to simulate pressures in multi-layer roof systems.•The model uses the discharge equation and the equation for unsteady Couette flow.•The model accounts for geometric parameters and loss coefficients for the flows.•A good agreement is found between the numerical and experimental results.•For large G/H, the model accuracy decreases as Cpi(t) becomes two-dimensional.