Prevalence and determinants of microalbuminuria in children suffering from sickle cell anemia in steady state

• Published in: Clinical kidney journal Vol. 10; no. 4; pp. 479 - 486
• Main Authors: Aloni, Michel N., Mabidi, Jean-Louis L., Ngiyulu, René M., Ekulu, Pépé M., Mbutiwi, Fiston I., Makulo, Jean Robert, Sumaili, Ernest K., Gini-Ehungu, Jean Lambert, Nsibu, Célestin N., Nseka, Nazaire M., Lepira, François B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Oxford University Press 01-08-2017
• Subjects: Genetic Kidney Disease; microalbuminuria; risk factors; children; Africa; sickle cell anemia
• ISSN: 2048-8505; 2048-8513
• DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfx058

BackgroundSickle cell anemia (SCA) is considered a major risk factor for renal complications. The main goal of this study was to determine the frequency of macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria in Congolese children <18 years of age suffering from Sickle cell anemia and to identify associated factors.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was completed in 150 hemoglobin-SS children (77 boys and 73 girls). Microalbuminuria was defined by a urine albumin:creatinine ratio of 30–299 mg/g.ResultsThe mean age of this group was 8.8 ± 4.3 years (range 2–18). Microalbuminuria was found in 27 children (18%). In multivariate logistic regression, only age emerged as a determinant of microalbuminuria odds ratio 1.11 (95% confidence interval 1.00–1.22); P = 0.042].ConclusionsIn our series, only age was a major determinant of the occurrence of microalbuminuria. These results confirm the need for early screening of microalbuminuria in Congolese children suffering from Sickle cell anemia in a context where access to renal and bone marrow transplant is nonexistent.