Estradiol Enhances Cholecystokinin-Dependent Lipid-Induced Satiation and Activates Estrogen Receptor-α-Expressing Cells in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius of Ovariectomized Rats

• Published in: Endocrinology (Philadelphia) Vol. 148; no. 12; pp. 5656 - 5666
• Main Authors: Asarian, Lori, Geary, Nori
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Endocrine Society 01-12-2007; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: 17β-Estradiol; Animals; Area postrema; Benzoates; Biological and medical sciences; c-Fos protein; Cholecystokinin; Cholecystokinin - antagonists & inhibitors; Cholecystokinin - metabolism; Devazepide - pharmacology; Dietary restrictions; Estradiol - administration & dosage; Estradiol - pharmacology; Estrogen Receptor alpha - metabolism; Estrogen receptors; Estrogens; Feeding Behavior - drug effects; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hypothalamus; Immunocytochemistry; Immunohistochemistry; Immunoreactivity; Intestines - drug effects; Intestines - metabolism; Lipids; Male; Nuclei (cytology); Ovariectomy; Phenylalanine; Phenylalanine - administration & dosage; Phenylalanine - pharmacology; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism; Rats; Receptors; Satiation - drug effects; Satiety; Sex hormones; Solitary Nucleus - drug effects; Solitary Nucleus - metabolism; Solitary tract nucleus; Sucrose; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Vertebrates: endocrinology; Feeding behavior; Ovariectomy; Rat; Cell nucleus; Estrogen; Rodentia; Central nervous system; 17β-Estradiol; Lipids; Neuropeptide; Ovarian hormone; Encephalon; Solitary nucleus; Estrogen receptor α; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Animal; Satiety; Cholecystokinin; Sex steroid hormone
• ISSN: 0013-7227; 1945-7170
• DOI: 10.1210/en.2007-0341

Part of the mechanism through which estradiol, acting via estrogen receptor (ERα) signaling, inhibits feeding in rats and mice is increasing the satiating potency of cholecystokinin (CCK) acting on peripheral CCK-1 receptors. Ingested lipid is a principal secretagogue of intestinal CCK, and intraduodenal lipid infusions elicit CCK-mediated satiation in animals and humans. Here we tested whether estradiol affects the satiating potency of intraduodenal lipid infusions in ovariectomized rats and, using c-Fos immunocytochemistry, searched for potential brain sites of ERα involved. Food-deprived ovariectomized rats with open gastric cannulas sham fed 0.8 m sucrose 2 d after estradiol (estradiol benzoate, 10 μg, sc) or vehicle injection. Estradiol markedly increased the satiating potency of intraduodenal infusions of Intralipid but not the satiating potency of L-phenylalanine (10 min infusions, 0.44 ml/min, 0.13 kcal/ml), which in male rats satiates via a CCK-independent mechanism. Estradiol had no significant effect in rats pretreated with the CCK-1 receptor antagonist Devazepide (1 mg/kg, ip). The effect of estradiol on intraduodenal Intralipid-induced satiation was mirrored by selective increases in the number of cells expressing c-Fos immunoreactivity in a circumscribed region of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), just caudal to the area postrema (cNTS) but not elsewhere in the NTS or the hypothalamic paraventricular or arcuate nuclei. In addition, a significant proportion of cNTS c-Fos-positive cells also expressed ERα. These data provide behavioral and cellular evidence that estradiol-ERα signaling in cNTS neurons increases the satiating potency of endogenous CCK released in response to ingested lipid.