Determination of Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism by an Adapted Caprini Scoring System in Surgical Patients

• Published in: Journal of personalized medicine Vol. 9; no. 3; p. 36
• Main Authors: Hanh, Bui My, Cuong, Le Quang, Son, Nguyen Truong, Duc, Duong Tuan, Hung, Tran Tien, Hung, Duong Duc, Giang, Tran Binh, Hiep, Nguyen Hoang, Xuyen, Hoang Thi Hong, Nga, Nguyen Thi, Chu, Dinh-Toi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 17-07-2019; MDPI
• Subjects: Anticoagulants; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Disease prevention; Ethics; Hospitals; Medical research; Morbidity; Patients; Population; Precision medicine; Pulmonary embolisms; Risk assessment; Risk factors; Risk groups; Surgery; Thromboembolism; Thrombosis; Varicose veins; Caprini score; risk stratification; risk assessment model; thromboembolism prophylaxis; venous thromboembolism
• ISSN: 2075-4426; 2075-4426
• DOI: 10.3390/jpm9030036

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a frequent preventable complication among surgical patients. Precise risk assessment is a necessary step for providing appropriate thromboprophylaxis and reducing mortality as well as morbidity caused by VTE. We carried out this work to define the rate of VTE postoperatively, following a Caprini score, and to determine VTE risk factors through a modified Caprini risk scoring system. This multicenter, observational, cohort study involved 2,790,027 patients who underwent surgery in four Vietnamese hospitals from 01/2017 to 12/2018. All patients who were evaluated before surgery by using a Caprini risk assessment model (RAM) and monitored within 90 days after surgery. The endpoint of the study was ultrasound-confirmed VTE. Our data showed that the 90-day postoperative VTE was found in 3068 patients. Most of VTE (46.97%) cases were found in the highest risk group (Caprini score > 5). A total of 37.19% were observed in the high risk group, while the rest (15.84%) were from low to moderate risk groups. The likelihood of occurring VTE was heightened 2.83 times for patients with a Caprini score of 3-4, 4.83 times for a Caprini score of 5-6, 8.84 times for a score of 7-8, and 11.42 times for a score of >8, comparing to ones with a score of 0 to 2 (all
values < 0.05). Thus, the frequency of postoperative VTE rises substantially, according to the advanced Caprini score. Further categorizing patients among the highest risk group need delivering more appropriate thromboprophylaxis.