Hydroethanolic extract of Baccharis trimera promotes gastroprotection and healing of acute and chronic gastric ulcers induced by ethanol and acetic acid

• Published in: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology Vol. 389; no. 9; pp. 985 - 998
• Main Authors: dos Reis Lívero, Francislaine Aparecida, da Silva, Luisa Mota, Ferreira, Daniele Maria, Galuppo, Larissa Favaretto, Borato, Debora Gasparin, Prando, Thiago Bruno Lima, Lourenço, Emerson Luiz Botelho, Strapasson, Regiane Lauriano Batista, Stefanello, Maria Élida Alves, de Paula Werner, Maria Fernanda, Acco, Alexandra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-09-2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetic Acid; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Ulcer Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Ulcer Agents - toxicity; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Baccharis; Baccharis - chemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cytoprotection; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol - chemistry; Female; Gastric Emptying - drug effects; Gastrointestinal Motility - drug effects; Lethal Dose 50; Lipid Peroxidation - drug effects; Male; Mice; Neurosciences; Original Article; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Extracts - toxicity; Plants, Medicinal; Rats, Wistar; Solvents - chemistry; Stomach - drug effects; Stomach - metabolism; Stomach - pathology; Stomach - physiopathology; Stomach Ulcer - chemically induced; Stomach Ulcer - metabolism; Stomach Ulcer - pathology; Stomach Ulcer - prevention & control; Oxidative stress; Antiulcerogenic; Ethanol; Gastric ulcer; Baccharis trimera
• ISSN: 0028-1298; 1432-1912
• DOI: 10.1007/s00210-016-1262-2

Ethanol is a psychoactive substance highly consumed around the world whose health problems include gastric lesions.
Baccharis trimera
is used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. However, few studies have evaluated its biological and toxic effects. To validate the popular use of
B. trimera
and elucidate its possible antiulcerogenic and cytotoxic mechanisms, a hydroethanolic extract of
B. trimera
(HEBT) was evaluated in models of gastric lesions. Rats and mice were used to evaluate the protective and antiulcerogenic effects of HEBT on gastric lesions induced by ethanol, acetic acid, and chronic ethanol consumption. The effects of HEBT were also evaluated in a pylorus ligature model and on gastrointestinal motility. The LD50 of HEBT in mice was additionally estimated. HEBT was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance, and a high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint analysis was performed. Oral HEBT administration significantly reduced the lesion area and the oxidative stress induced by acute and chronic ethanol consumption. However, HEBT did not protect against gastric wall mucus depletion and did not alter gastric secretory volume, pH, or total acidity in the pylorus ligature model. Histologically, HEBT accelerated the healing of chronic gastric ulcers in rats, reflected by contractions of the ulcer base. Flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids were detected in HEBT, which likely contributed to the therapeutic efficacy of HEBT, preventing or reversing ethanol- and acetic acid-induced ulcers, respectively. HEBT antiulcerogenic activity may be partially attributable to the inhibition of free radical generation and subsequent prevention of lipid peroxidation. Our results indicate that HEBT has both gastroprotective and curative activity in animal models, with no toxicity.