The effect of spindle speed, feed-rate and machining time to the surface roughness and burr formation of Aluminum Alloy 1100 in micro-milling operation

• Published in: Journal of manufacturing processes Vol. 16; no. 4; pp. 435 - 450
• Main Authors: Kiswanto, G., Zariatin, D.L., Ko, T.J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dearborn Elsevier Ltd 01-10-2014; SME
• Subjects: Aluminum alloys; Ball milling; Burr formation; Cutting parameters; Cutting tools; Machine shops; Micro-milling; Rapid prototyping; Scanning electron microscopy; Studies; Surface roughness; Variance analysis; Micro-milling; Surface roughness; Cutting parameters; Burr formation
• ISSN: 1526-6125; 2212-4616
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jmapro.2014.05.003

•The relationship of spindle speed, feed-rate and machining time to surface roughness and burr formation is explained.•The significance of feed-rate and machining time to surface roughness (Ra) is quantified and presented.•There are four types of burr occurs in micro-channel, which are entrance burr, top burr, bottom burr, and exit burr.•Investigation on cutting parameter selection which produces minimum burr is illustrated.•The burr growth over three ranges of machining time is presented.
This paper describes the characteristics and the cutting parameters performance of spindle speeds (n, rpm) and feed-rates (f, mm/s) during three interval ranges of machining times (t, minutes) with respect to the surface roughness and burr formation, by using a miniaturized micro-milling machine. Flat end-mill tools that have two-flutes, made of solid carbide with Mega-T coated, with 0.2mm in diameter were used to cut Aluminum Alloy AA1100. The causal relationship among spindle speeds, feed-rates, and machining times toward the surface roughness was analyzed using a statistical method ANOVA. It is found that the feed-rate (f) and machining time (t) contribute significantly to the surface roughness. Lower feed-rate would produce better surface roughness. However, when machining time is transformed into total cut length, it is known that a higher feed-rate, that consequently giving more productive machining since produce more cut length, would not degrade surface quality and tool life significantly. Burr occurrence on machined work pieces was analyzed using SEM. The average sizes of top burr for each cutting parameter selection were analyzed to find the relation between the cutting parameters and burr formation. In this research, bottom burr was found. It is formed in a longer machining time compare the formation of top burr, entrance burr and exit burr. Burr formation is significantly affected by the tool condition, which is degrading during the machining process. This knowledge of appropriate cutting parameter selection and actual tool condition would be an important consideration when planning a micro-milling process to produce a product with minimum burr.