Uncontrolled blood pressure among the established hypertensive elderly people in Jashore, Bangladesh: A cross‐sectional type of observational study

• Published in: Aging medicine Vol. 7; no. 4; pp. 472 - 479
• Main Authors: Acherjya, Goutam Kumar, Mohammad, Ali, Keya, Tarafder, Islam, Mohammad Touhidul, Reza, Md. Selim, Ahmed, Md. Shakur, Md. Zahirul, Huq, Debashis, Biswas, Sheikh, Shamsuzzaman, Nur, Alam
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-08-2024; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Age groups; Alzheimer's disease; Angina pectoris; Antihypertensives; Aortic aneurysms; Blood pressure; Body mass index; Chronic illnesses; Data collection; Developing countries; Diabetes; Heart attacks; Hospitals; Hypertension; hypertension of elderly people; Kidney diseases; LDCs; Mortality; Observational studies; Older people; Original; Patients; Population; Questionnaires; Risk factors; Sociodemographics; treatment and uncontrol BP; Variance analysis; Bangladesh; treatment and uncontrol BP; risk factors; hypertension of elderly people
• ISSN: 2475-0360; 2475-0360
• DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12348

Objectives
Hypertension is one of the major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Increased life expectancy leads to increase prevalence of non‐communicable diseases among the elderly people including Bangladesh. However, different studies reported high prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension ranging from 52.6% to 67.9% among the elderly people in different countries. With this view, we aimed to assess the frequency of uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) among the elderly hypertensive people and its associated risk factors and treatment pattern in Bangladesh.
Methodology
This cross‐sectional type of observational study recruited 246 eligible hypertensive elderly patients attending in 250 Bedded General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh dated from 1st July to 31st December 2022. A structured questionnaire was developed and data on associated risk factors, treatment pattern and current blood pressure (BP) measurement were collected by face‐to‐face interview for the purposive sampling technique.
Results
The mean age of our study patients was 72 ± 7 years with a male and female ratio nearly 1:1. Of the total hypertensive patients aged over 65 years or more, 56.5% remained with uncontrolled hypertension even on their prescribed antihypertensive medications. The mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were significantly high (P < 0.001) as 167 ± 22 mm Hg and 95 ± 11 mm Hg, respectively, among the uncontrolled hypertensive patients. However, we noticed the mean SBP and DBP among the total hypertensive patients were also significantly high (P < 0.001) as 148 ± 27 mm Hg and 87 ± 13 mm Hg, respectively. In this study, we reported that the mean number of last prescribed antihypertensive medications used by the total patients was 2 ± 1 (P =0.224) which was similar among the controlled and uncontrolled hypertensive patient groups. Among the elderly hypertensive patients, the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive medications were Amlodipine 39.8% (P =0.006), Olmesartan 29.3% (P = 0.186), Losartan 24.4% (P = 0.127), Bisoprolol 15.0% (P = 0.266) and Atenolol 14.6% (P = 0.224).
Conclusion
We noticed high frequency of uncontrolled blood pressure among the elderly hypertensive patients, despite of using multiple antihypertensive medications in Jashore, Bangladesh.
High frequency (56.5%) of uncontrolled blood pressure was noticed among the elderly established hypertensive patients even who were on their prescribed anti‐hypertensive medication. Non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) including hypertension are progressively more increasing among the rural people (62.6%) compared with the urban location in our study.