Synthesis and characterization of porous biphasic calcium phosphate scaffold from different porogens for possible bone tissue engineering applications

• Published in: Science of sintering Vol. 43; no. 2; pp. 183 - 192
• Main Authors: Amera, A, Abudalazez, A M A, Rashid, Ismail A, Hayati, Abd Razak N, Malik, Masudi S, Rizal, Kasim S, Arifin, Ahmad Z
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: International Institute for the Science of Sintering, Beograd 2011
• Subjects: biphasic calcium phosphate; Bones; Calcium phosphate; Granular materials; Granules; macroporosity; Pellets; Porosity; Sintering; Sintering (powder metallurgy); synthesize; tissue engineering
• ISSN: 0350-820X; 1820-7413
• DOI: 10.2298/SOS1102183A

Biphasic calcium phosphate granules were synthesised by wet precipitation with Ca/P ratio 1.52 and controlled porosity, pore size distribution, and granule size. Microporosity was then obtained by adjusting the sintering temperature while macroporosity was obtained by adding 1:3 wt% ratio of two commonly used porogens (naphthalene and sugar) and two newly introduced porogens (sago and lentil). Samples from each ratio were pressed into pellets and fired at 500 C for 2 h at 0.5 C/min heating rate (for removal of porogens) and further sintered at 850 C for 2 h at 5 C/min before cooling down to room temperature. The granules were prepared by crushing and sieving BCP sintered pellets to obtain granules with sizes ranging from 250-500 micron. XRD, FESEM, particle size and porosity analyses were used to characterise the granules. Round to oval shape pores of 200-400 micron size were obtained and identical in particle size to the prepared porogens .This method gives desirable properties near to normal bone leading to perfect osteogenesis for the purpose of tissue engineering.