Hypothalamic Neurochemical Changes in Long-Term Recovered Bilateral Subdiaphragmatic Vagotomized Rats

• Published in: Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience Vol. 16; p. 869526
• Main Authors: Kobrzycka, Anna Teresa, Stankiewicz, Adrian Mateusz, Goscik, Joanna, Gora, Monika, Burzynska, Beata, Iwanicka-Nowicka, Roksana, Pierzchala-Koziec, Krystyna, Wieczorek, Marek
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Lausanne Frontiers Research Foundation 08-07-2022; Frontiers Media S.A
• Subjects: amino acid neurotransmitters; Amino acids; Animals; Chromatography; Corticosterone; DNA microarrays; Enzymes; Gene expression; Genomes; High-performance liquid chromatography; Homogenization; HPA axis; Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; Hypothalamus; Immune system; Inflammation; inflammatory response; microarray; Neuroscience; Neurotransmission; Neurotransmitters; Pituitary; Plasma; subdiaphragmatic vagotomy; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Vagotomy; Vagus nerve; Poland; France; United States > US
• ISSN: 1662-5153; 1662-5153
• DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.869526

Background Vagus nerve is one of the crucial routes in communication between the immune and central nervous systems. The impaired vagal nerve function may intensify peripheral inflammatory processes. This effect subsides along with prolonged recovery after permanent nerve injury. One of the results of such compensation is a normalized plasma concentration of stress hormone corticosterone – a marker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. In this work, we strive to explain this corticosterone normalization by studying the mechanisms responsible for compensation-related neurochemical alterations in the hypothalamus. Materials and Methods Using microarrays and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we measured genome-wide gene expression and major amino acid neurotransmitters content in the hypothalamus of bilaterally vagotomized rats, 1 month after surgery. Results Our results show that, in the long term, vagotomy affects hypothalamic amino acids concentration but not mRNA expression of tested genes. Discussion We propose an alternative pathway of immune to CNS communication after vagotomy, leading to activation of the HPA axis, by influencing central amino acids and subsequent monoaminergic neurotransmission.