An evaluation of the incorporation of a titanium dioxide producer's waste material in Portland cement clinker

• Published in: Materials letters Vol. 57; no. 1; pp. 157 - 163
• Main Authors: Potgieter, J.H, Horne, K.A, Potgieter, S.S, Wirth, W
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-11-2002; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Buildings. Public works; Cement concrete constituents; Cements; Exact sciences and technology; Manufacture; Materials; Other industrial wastes. Sewage sludge; Pollution; Raw materials, constituents, cement additives, fuels; Wastes; Property composition relationship; Cement industry; Mechanical properties; Burnability; Cement clinker; Portland cement; Thermal properties; Fly ash; Industrial waste; Upgrading; Waste reuse; Solid waste; Chemical composition; Titanium oxide; Strength
• ISSN: 0167-577X; 1873-4979
• DOI: 10.1016/S0167-577X(02)00723-1

From the very limited amount of work done, it was demonstrated that the Ti02 containing waste material could possibly be incorporated into an ordinary raw mix without deleterious effects on the burnability of the raw mix. It is recommended that such an addition be limited to between 1% and 2% by mass of the raw mix. The feasibility of the use of the waste material as a raw mix component has been illustrated from a burnability point of view but its effect on the cement setting time and strength development still needs more detailed assessment. Only after the physical properties of the clinker (and cement made using this clinker) have been assessed, can a final decision be made on its use in cement production. The low cost of the titania containing material used and its fluxing effect in the raw meal, is a strong motivation to consider the manufacturing of cement containing such material, as it would lower production costs.