Antioxidant status in MgO nanoparticle-exposed rats

• Published in: Toxicology and industrial health Vol. 29; no. 10; pp. 897 - 903
• Main Authors: Kiranmai, G, Reddy, A Rama Narsimha
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London, England SAGE Publications 01-11-2013; Sage Publications Ltd
• Subjects: Administration, Inhalation; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - analysis; Catalase - blood; Magnesium Oxide - administration & dosage; Magnesium Oxide - toxicity; Male; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - administration & dosage; Nanoparticles - toxicity; Nanotechnology; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Pharmacy; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase - blood; Toxicology; India; PBS; MgO; total antioxidant capacity; superoxide dismutase; oxidative stress; catalase
• ISSN: 0748-2337; 1477-0393
• DOI: 10.1177/0748233712446723

In this present study, antioxidant status was evaluated in rat serum following exposure to magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles. The lungs of rats were intratracheally instilled with (single dose) phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) + 1% of Tween 80 (solvent control) or MgO or carbonyl iron (negative control) or quartz particles (positive control) at a dose of 1 and 5 mg/kg of body weight. The blood samples were collected at 1, 7, and 30 days of postinstillation of nanoparticles after their exposure, and different parameters were estimated to assess the oxidative stress induced by the instillation of MgO. Exposure of rats to MgO produced a significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent reduction in blood total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity levels than PBS + 1% Tween 80 control group. This reduction in the antioxidant capacity in MgO nanoparticle-exposed rats indicates the reduction in antioxidant defense mechanisms due to the instillation of MgO. These results indicate that exposure to MgO nanoparticles induces oxidative stress by reducing the total antioxidant capacity in rats. The findings suggest possible occupational health hazard in chronic exposures.