Cyanolipid-rich seed oils from Allophylus natalensis and A. dregeanus

• Published in: Lipids Vol. 40; no. 10; pp. 1051 - 1056
• Main Authors: Avato, P, Rosito, I, Fanizzi, F.P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer‐Verlag 01-10-2005; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Allophylus dregeanus; Allophylus natalensis; chemical analysis; cyanolipids; Fatty Acids - analysis; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - analysis; Lipids - analysis; Lipids - chemistry; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Nitriles - analysis; Nitriles - chemistry; Oils & fats; plant biochemistry; plant extracts; Plant Oils - chemistry; Sapindaceae; Sapindaceae - chemistry; seed oils; Seeds - chemistry; Spectrophotometry, Infrared; triacylglycerols; Triglycerides - analysis; Triglycerides - chemistry
• ISSN: 0024-4201; 1558-9307
• DOI: 10.1007/s11745-005-1468-z

As a continuation of our study on plants of the Sapindaceae, the chemical composition of the oil extracted from seeds of Allophylus natalensis (Sonder) De Winter and of A. dregeanus (Sonder) De Winter has been investigated. The oil from both species contained approximately equal amounts of TAG and type I cyanolipids (CL), 1‐cyano‐2‐hydroxymethylprop‐2‐en‐1‐oldiesters, with minor amounts of type III CL, 1‐cyano‐2‐hydroxymethylprop‐1‐en‐3‐ol‐diesters. Structural investigation of the oil components was accomplished by chemical, chromatographic (TLC, CC, GC, and GC‐MS), and spectroscopic (IR, NMR) means. GC and GC‐MS analysis showed that C20 FA were dominant in the CL components of the oil from the two species (44–80% vs. 21–26% in TAG), with cis‐11‐eicosenoic acid (36–46%) and cis 13‐eicosenoic acid (paullinic acid, 23–37%) as the major esterified fatty acyl chains in A. natalensis and A. dregeanus, respectively. cis‐Vaccenic acid was particularly abundant (11–31%) in the CL from A. dregeanus, whereas eicosanoic acid (10–22%) was also a major component of CL in both species.