Cure reaction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole (MWCNTs/DGEBA/EMI-2,4) nanocomposites: effect of carboxylic functionalization of MWCNTs

• Published in: Polymer international Vol. 58; no. 4; pp. 445 - 452
• Main Authors: Zhou, Tianle, Wang, Xin, Wang, Tianchi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01-04-2009; Wiley
• Subjects: 4 nanocomposites; Applied sciences; carboxylic functionalization; Composites; cure reaction; DSC; Exact sciences and technology; Forms of application and semi-finished materials; MWCNTs; MWCNTs/DGEBA/EMI-2; MWCNTs/DGEBA/EMI‐2,4 nanocomposites; Polymer industry, paints, wood; Technology of polymers; Imidazole derivatives; cure reaction; Epoxy resin; Carbon nanotubes; carboxylic functionalization; Dispersion reinforced material; Curing (plastics); Experimental study; Composite material; Optimization; Surface treatment; Multiwalled nanotube; DSC; Nanocomposite; Oxidation; MWCNTs; Heat of reaction; Kinetics; MWCNTs/DGEBA/EMI-2,4 nanocomposites
• ISSN: 0959-8103; 1097-0126
• DOI: 10.1002/pi.2558

BACKGROUND: The aim of this work was to study, using differential scanning calorimetry, the effect of carboxylic functionalization of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the cure reaction of MWCNTs/diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A/2‐ethyl‐4‐methylimidazole (MWCNTs/DGEBA/EMI‐2,4) nanocomposites. This is important for the practical design, analysis and optimization of novel materials processing.
RESULTS: Comparing the influence of non‐functionalized MWCNTs and carboxyl‐functionalized MWCNTs, it was found that, at the initial curing stage, both MWCNTs act as catalyst and COOH functionalization of MWCNTs has a catalytic effect on the curing process. Then, at the later curing stage, non‐functionalized MWCNTs prevent the occurrence of vitrification, whereas COOH functionalization of MWCNTs promotes vitrification. Non‐functionalized MWCNTs decrease the degree of curing, as evidenced by lower total heat of reaction and lower glass transition temperatures of nanocomposites compared to neat epoxy; however, COOH functionalization of MWCNTs increases the degree of curing.
CONCLUSION: For the development of composites, COOH functionalization of MWCNTs could bring a positive influence to the composite process. Its acceleration of cure could help shorten pre‐cure time or lower pre‐treatment temperature, and its effect of promoting vitrification could help shorten post‐cure time or lower post‐treatment temperature. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry