Rheology of confined granular flows: scale invariance, glass transition, and friction weakening

• Published in: Physical review letters Vol. 101; no. 24; p. 248002
• Main Authors: Richard, P, Valance, A, Métayer, J-F, Sanchez, P, Crassous, J, Louge, M, Delannay, R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States American Physical Society 12-12-2008
• Subjects: Physics; Granular systems; Glass transitions of specific systems
• ISSN: 0031-9007; 1079-7114
• DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.248002

We study fully developed, steady granular flows confined between parallel flat frictional sidewalls using numerical simulations and experiments. Above a critical rate, sidewall friction stabilizes the underlying heap at an inclination larger than the angle of repose. The shear rate is constant and independent of inclination over much of the flowing layer. In the direction normal to the free surface, the solid volume fraction increases on a scale equal to half the flowing layer depth. Beneath a critical depth at which internal friction is invariant, grains exhibit creeping and intermittent cage motion similar to that in glasses, causing gradual weakening of friction at the walls.