Mineral loss in the parenteral nutrition patient

• Published in: The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 47; no. 3; pp. 515 - 523
• Main Authors: Lipkin, EW, Ott, SM, Chesnut, CH, Chait, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD Elsevier Inc 01-03-1988; American Society for Clinical Nutrition
• Subjects: Adult; Aluminum - metabolism; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Biological and medical sciences; Bone and Bones - diagnostic imaging; Bone and Bones - metabolism; Calcium - metabolism; Emergency and intensive care: metabolism and nutrition disorders. Enteral and parenteral nutrition; Female; Food, Formulated; Home Care Services; Humans; Intensive care medicine; Magnesium - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Parenteral Nutrition, Total; Radionuclide Imaging; Time Factors; Urine; Excretion; Calcium; Magnesium; Inorganic element; Resuscitation; Parenteral administration; Feeding
• ISSN: 0002-9165; 1938-3207
• DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/47.3.515

The impact of parenteral nutrition on mineral loss was examined in 11 long-term (10–79 mo) and 6 short-term (1–8 mo) patients. In the long-term patients, there was a significant (p less than or equal to 0.02) urinary loss of calcium and magnesium during infusion compared with periods off infusion. The magnitude of urinary excretion of these minerals was much lower than in previously reported series and in short-term patients. Despite this, in long-term patients the mean bone mass at the spine was lower than normal (p less than 0.001) but mean bone mass at the wrist was not. Current data suggest that hypercalciuria is not a consistent feature of parenteral nutrition. Furthermore, osteopenia is a feature of some long-term parenteral nutrition patients.