Effects of Acute Aquatic High-Intensity Intermittent Exercise on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women with Different ACE Genotypes

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 19; no. 15; p. 8985
• Main Authors: Zhou, Wen-Sheng, Yang, Ai-Lun, Chen, Chiao-Nan, Kan, Nai-Wen, Kuo, Joanna Ting-Hui, Chen, Lee-Hwa, Chien, Kuei-Yu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 23-07-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Anaerobic threshold; Angiotensin; Ankle; Blood pressure; Cardiovascular disease; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Heart rate; Hypertension; Insertion; Jumping; Mortality; Neuromuscular diseases; Peptidyl-dipeptidase A; Polymorphism; Post-menopause; Pressure effects; Questionnaires; Stiffness; Wave velocity; Womens health
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158985

The present study investigated the effects of acute aquatic high-intensity intermittent jumping (HIIJ) on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women with different angiotensin-converting enzyme genotypes (ACE). We recruited 12 postmenopausal women carrying the ACE deletion/deletion (DD) genotype and 61 carrying the insertion/insertion or insertion/deletion (II/ID) genotype. The participants performed 12 trials of 30 s, 75% heart rate reserve (HRR) jumping, and 60 s, 50% HRR recovery, and 3 trials of 40 s upper limb resistance exercises were performed as fast as possible. The heart rate (HR) and BP were measured before exercise, immediately, 10 min, and 45 min after exercise. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was measured before and after exercise. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of the DD genotype increased more significantly than those with the II/ID genotype post-exercise (30.8 ± 4.48 vs. 20.4 ± 2.00 mmHg, p = 0.038). The left and right sides of baPWV increased significantly after exercise (1444.8 ± 29.54 vs. 1473.4 ± 32.36 cm/s, p = 0.020; 1442.1 ± 30.34 vs. 1472.0 ± 33.09, p = 0.011), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The HIIJ increased baPWV. The postmenopausal women with the DD genotype have a higher SBP increased post-exercise than those with II/ID genotype. These findings suggest that the aquatic exercise program has better effects in decreasing blood pressure in postmenopausal women with the II/ID genotype. Those with the DD genotype should pay attention to the risk of increasing blood pressure after aquatic HIIJ exercise.