Influence of bionanoparticles to treat a slaughterhouse wastewater

• Published in: Environmental technology Vol. 43; no. 28; pp. 4528 - 4544
• Main Authors: Antunes, Aline dos Santos, Triques, Carina Contini, Buzanello-Martins, Cleide Viviane, Mateus, Gustavo Affonso Pisano, Bergamasco, Rosangela, Fagundes-Klen, Márcia Regina
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 19-12-2022; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Abattoirs; Bioindicators; Bionanoparticles; Calcium chloride; Coagulants; Coagulation; coagulation/flocculation; Effluent treatment; Effluents; Flocculation; Heterotrophic microorganisms; Indicator species; Lactuca sativa; Magnetic fields; Mesophiles; microbial load; Microorganisms; Moringa seeds; Nanoparticles; Reduction; Reuse; Sedimentation; Sedimentation & deposition; slaughterhouse wastewater; Sustainability; Toxicity; Toxicity testing; Turbidity; Wastewater treatment; Yeasts; slaughterhouse wastewater; microbial load; Moringa seeds; coagulation/flocculation; Bionanoparticles
• ISSN: 0959-3330; 1479-487X
• DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1955016

Treatment of effluents from animal slaughterhouse industries is indispensable, standing out coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation processes. Bionanoparticles (BioNPs) (nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with Moringa extracts (MO)) were studied as an alternative natural coagulant that would contribute to the microbial load reduction, without increasing the treated effluent toxicity. MO extracts were prepared with different salts, and then, in a kinetics study, different NPs mass and coagulant dosages were evaluated. In the best-defined conditions, microbial load, toxicity tests for the bioindicator Lactuca sativa, and NPs reuse evaluation were performed. Removals of 96.14% turbidity and 43.63% UV
254nm
were achieved when using 500 mg L
−1
of BioNPs containing 60 mg of NPs for every 20 mL of MO extract prepared with 0.1 M CaCl
2
. The BioNPs with an external magnetic field also decreased the sedimentation time from 140 to 10 min compared to MO, and the process efficiency did not expressively decrease after reusing the recovered NPs. Through toxicity tests, BioNPs were not considered to leave residuals toxic to the Lactuca sativa in the treated effluent. Besides, the microbial load reduction was 97.33% for heterotrophic microorganisms and total mesophiles and 99.25% for moulds/yeasts. Therefore, a satisfactory primary treatment was achieved, contributing to the sustainability of industries.