Concurrent Glottic and Tracheal Stenoses: Restoration of Airway Continuity in End-Stage Malignant Disease

• Published in: Annals of otology, rhinology & laryngology Vol. 110; no. 4; pp. 349 - 355
• Main Authors: Wassermann, Klaus, Mathen, Frank, Eckel, Hans Edmund
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Los Angeles, CA SAGE Publications 01-04-2001; Annals Publishing Compagny; SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
• Subjects: Aged; Airway Obstruction - etiology; Airway Obstruction - surgery; Biological and medical sciences; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - complications; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - surgery; Esophageal Neoplasms - complications; Esophageal Neoplasms - surgery; Esophagus; Female; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; Head and neck surgery. Maxillofacial surgery. Dental surgery. Orthodontics; Humans; Laryngoscopy - methods; Laryngostenosis - complications; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Palliative Care; Stents; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the upper aerodigestive tract; Tracheal Stenosis - complications; Tracheal Stenosis - surgery; Tumors; Vocal Cords - surgery; malignant airway obstruction; unilateral laser cordotomy; tracheal stenting; Carcinoma; Upper respiratory tract; Concurrent; Esophageal disease; Stenosis; Male; Glottis; Stent; Cordotomy; Surgery; ENT disease; Adult; Female; Larynx disease; Trachea; Human; Diseases of the trachea; Respiratory disease; Malignant tumor; Esophagus; Case study; Treatment; Laser; Unresectable; Unilateral; Digestive diseases; Rehabilitation
• ISSN: 0003-4894; 1943-572X
• DOI: 10.1177/000348940111000411

Six patients known to have inoperable esophageal carcinoma presented with stridor due to both malignant tracheal stenosis (with additional respiratory-digestive tract fistula in 2 patients) and bilateral vocal cord paralysis. Patency was restored by endotracheal stenting plus unilateral cordotomy. Four patients had immediate relief. Two patients required enlargement of the vocal cord incision. One of them declined reoperation and underwent tracheostomy. The stent function was uneventful, with no dislodgment or mucus impaction. The fistula seal was complete, with no aspiration through the newly shaped glottic orifice. The peak expiratory flow increased from 24.4% ± 9.7% of predicted normal before the procedure to 40.5% ± 13.7% after the procedure. Restoration of airway continuity in serial laryngotracheal stenoses by a combined approach is a feasible technique in end-stage cancer patients. It effectively relieves respiratory distress and ensures voice preservation. In addition, it may avoid the risks of tracheotomy.