The effects of ambient particulate matter on human adipose tissue

• Published in: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A Vol. 82; no. 9; pp. 564 - 576
• Main Authors: Hassan, Lior, Pecht, Tal, Goldstein, Nir, Haim, Yulia, Kloog, Itai, Yarza, Shaked, Sarov, Batia, Novack, Victor
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Taylor & Francis 03-05-2019; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue - drug effects; Adult; Air Pollutants - adverse effects; Air pollution; Air Pollution - adverse effects; Animal models; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - metabolism; cardiovascular; Chemokines; Environmental Exposure - adverse effects; Exposure; Female; Humans; inflammation; Leukocytes; Macrophages; Male; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Particulate emissions; Particulate matter; Particulate Matter - adverse effects; Particulates; Pollutants; Pollution effects; Time Factors; atherosclerosis; adipose tissue; Air pollution; cardiovascular; inflammation
• ISSN: 1528-7394; 1087-2620; 2381-3504
• DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1634381

The effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution on adipose tissue have mainly been studied in animal models. The aim of this study was to examine the potential associations between PM exposure and 25 cellular markers in human omental (OM) and subcutaneous (SC) adipose tissue. The PM exposure assessments for both PM
2.5
(PM <2.5 μm in diameter) and PM
10
(<10 μm) were based upon a novel hybrid satellite-based spatio-temporally resolved model. We calculated the PM exposure above the background threshold for 1 week (acute phase), 3 and 6 months (intermediate phase), and 1 year (chronic phase) prior to tissue harvesting and tested the associations with adipose cell metabolic effects using multiple linear regressions and heat maps strategy. Chemokine levels were found to increase after acute and intermediate exposure duration to PM
10
. The levels of stress signaling biomarkers in the SC and OM tissues rose after acute exposure to PM
10
and PM
2.5
. Macrophage and leucocyte counts were associated with severity of PM exposure in all three duration groups. Adipocyte diameter decreased in all exposure periods. Our results provide evidence for significant contribution of air pollutants exposure to adipose tissue inflammation as well as for pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic dysregulation that may be involved in the observed responses.