Impact of MiraNet® long-lasting insecticidal net against Anopheles arabiensis wild population of Northern Tanzania

• Published in: Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 122; no. 5; pp. 1245 - 1253
• Main Authors: Kweka, Eliningaya J., Lyaruu, Lucille J., Temba, Violet, Msangi, Shandala, Ouma, Johnson O., Karanja, Wycliffe, Mahande, Aneth M., Himeidan, Yousif E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-05-2023; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Anopheles; Anopheles - genetics; Anopheles arabiensis; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Disease transmission; Health aspects; Immunology; Insecticide Resistance; Insecticide-Treated Bednets; Insecticides - pharmacology; Malaria; Malaria - prevention & control; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Mortality; Mosquito Control - methods; Mosquito Vectors; Nets; Permethrin; Pyrethrins - pharmacology; Pyrethroids; Tanzania; Vectors; Tanzania; Sub-Saharan Africa; Resistance; MiraNet; Deterrence; Exophily; Mortality; Experimental huts; DuraNet; Anopheles arabiensis
• ISSN: 0932-0113; 1432-1955
• DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07827-1

Despite high levels of pyrethroid resistance reported in malaria vectors, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LNs) still play a key role in controlling malaria transmission. This study tested the efficacy of MiraNet®, a pyrethroid-based LN against a wild population of
Anopheles arabiensis
in northern Tanzania. DuraNet® was used as a positive control in this evaluation. Standard WHO laboratory bioefficacy evaluations of MiraNet and DuraNet that were unwashed or had been washed 20 times indicated optimal knockdown and mortality for both net types against a susceptible strain of
Anopheles gambiae s.s.
Standard experimental hut evaluations were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of both nets against a wild population of
An
.
arabiensis
. The killing effect of MiraNet was 54.5% for unwashed and 50% for 20 times washed while DuraNet achieved 44.4% mortality for unwashed and 47.4% for 20 times washed against wild
An
.
arabiensis
. Both DuraNet and MiraNet exhibited significantly higher killing effects (> 44.4%). There was no significant difference in deterrence or induced exophily detected between the treatment arms for either net. Additionally, there were no adverse effects reported among hut sleepers. The results of this study indicate that the pyrethroid net MiraNet can be used effectively against wild populations of
An
.
gambiae s.l.
of low to moderate resistant levels from Northern Tanzania.