The Flavoproteome of the Model Plant Arabidopsis thaliana

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 15; p. 5371
• Main Authors: Schall, Patrick, Marutschke, Lucas, Grimm, Bernhard
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 28-07-2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Adenine; Arabidopsis - genetics; Arabidopsis - metabolism; Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics; Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism; Arabidopsis thaliana; Binding; Binding sites; Biosynthesis; Chemical reactions; Cofactors; Computer applications; Cytoplasm; Enzymes; FAD; Flavin mononucleotide; Flavin Mononucleotide - genetics; Flavin Mononucleotide - metabolism; Flavin-adenine dinucleotide; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide - genetics; Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide - metabolism; flavoenzymes; Flavoproteins; Flavoproteins - genetics; Flavoproteins - metabolism; FMN; Gene expression; Gene families; Genomes; Homology; Kinases; Localization; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Plastids; Protein families; Proteins; Proteome - genetics; Proteome - metabolism; riboflavin; Signal transduction; Transcription; Vitamin B; flavoenzymes; gene families; proteomics; FMN; FAD; flavocoenzyme; flavin adenine dinucleotide; riboflavin
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155371

Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) are essential cofactors for enzymes, which catalyze a broad spectrum of vital reactions. This paper intends to compile all potential FAD/FMN-binding proteins encoded by the genome of
Several computational approaches were applied to group the entire flavoproteome according to (i) different catalytic reactions in enzyme classes, (ii) the localization in subcellular compartments, (iii) different protein families and subclasses, and (iv) their classification to structural properties. Subsequently, the physiological significance of several of the larger flavoprotein families was highlighted. It is conclusive that plants, such as
, use many flavoenzymes for plant-specific and pivotal metabolic activities during development and for signal transduction pathways in response to biotic and abiotic stress. Thereby, often two up to several homologous genes are found encoding proteins with high protein similarity. It is proposed that these gene families for flavoproteins reflect presumably their need for differential transcriptional control or the expression of similar proteins with modified flavin-binding properties or catalytic activities.