Cu immobilized on MgZnFe2O4 nanoparticles as a green catalyst in the synthesis of mono and bis-polyhydroquinolines

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 10; no. 17; p. e37151
• Main Authors: Abbas-Ordoo, Zahra, Mobinikhaledi, Akbar, Bodaghifard, Mohammad Ali
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 15-09-2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Hantzsch reaction; Magnetic nanoparticles; Multicomponent reaction; Ziziphus spina-christi extract; Multicomponent reaction; Hantzsch reaction; Ziziphus spina-christi extract; Magnetic nanoparticles
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37151

In this study, a green and environmentally friendly catalyst (MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Cu) was synthesized using a simple and clean method. The catalyst was prepared by combining MgZnFe2O4 MNPs with Ziziphus spina-christi extract (ZSC) and immobilizing Cu ions on the resulting material. The catalyst was thoroughly characterized using various techniques including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDS), Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), Thermogravimetric (TGA), and Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) analyses. The catalytic activity of MgZnFe2O4@ZSC-Cu was evaluated in the Hantzsch reaction involving a four-component reaction with ethyl acetoacetate or dimedone/cyclohexane-1,3-dione, various aromatic aldehydes/di-aldehydes, and ammonium acetate. The structure of the newly formed bis compound and polyhydroquinolines was determined using FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. This catalyst provides numerous benefits, such as simple separation using a magnet, less reaction times, high product yield, solvent-free conditions, straightforward work-up, and the capability to reuse the catalyst for up to five cycles.
•MgZnFe2O4@ZSC nanoparticles synthesized by the Ziziphus spina-christi extract•The synthesis of new bis-polyhydroquinoline compounds•Green synthesis of Magnetic nanocatalyst and catalyst reusability during four runs