Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine gingival crevicular fluid levels in periodontitis

• Published in: Journal of periodontal research Vol. 58; no. 2; pp. 256 - 261
• Main Authors: Güney, Zeliha, Kurgan, Sivge, Önder, Canan, Mammadov, Cavid, Serdar, Muhittin A., Günhan, Meral
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-04-2023
• Subjects: Arginine; Bioavailability; Chromatography, Liquid; Enzyme immunoassay; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; gingival crevicular fluid; Gingival Crevicular Fluid - chemistry; Gum disease; Humans; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectroscopy; methylated arginines; Nitric oxide; Nitric-oxide synthase; Oxidative stress; Periodontal diseases; Periodontitis; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; gingival crevicular fluid; periodontitis; methylated arginines
• ISSN: 0022-3484; 1600-0765
• DOI: 10.1111/jre.13087

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the level of ADMA (asymmetric dimethylarginine), SDMA (symmetric dimethylarginine), and IL‐1β (Interleukin‐1β) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from periodontitis patients and control subjects.
Background
ADMA and SDMA are potentially hazardous non‐proteinogenic amino acids that limit nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and have many functions in various human disorders. ADMA causes a structural change in nitric oxide synthase, while SDMA blocks arginine cell uptake. Increased plasma ADMA has been widely recognized as a “trigger” initiating impaired NO bioavailability and vascular dysfunction, which ultimately leads to oxidative stress.
Methods
Twenty‐five patients with periodontitis (P) (Stage III, Grade C, n = 25) and 20 control (C) subjects were included in the study. The IL‐1β level of GCF was measured by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and ADMA and SDMA by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS).
Results
Periodontitis patients had higher clinical parameters than controls (p < .001). Levels of IL‐1β, ADMA and SDMA GCF were statistically significantly higher in group P than in group C (respectively; p = .003, p < .0001, p < .0001). There was no difference in the ADMA/SDMA ratio (p = .312) between the groups. There were significant positive correlations between clinical periodontal parameters and IL‐1β, ADMA, and SDMA levels (p < .05). ADMA and SDMA levels were significantly correlated with IL‐1β (p < .05).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that ADMA and SDMA may be involved in the pathogenesis of the periodontal disease.