Long COVID: neurological manifestations - an updated narrative review

• Published in: Dementia & neuropsychologia Vol. 18; p. e20230076
• Main Authors: Leonel, José Wagner, Ciurleo, Gabriella Cunha Vieira, Formiga, Alissa Moura, Vasconcelos, Thais de Maria Frota, de Andrade, Marcello Holanda, Feitosa, Werbety Lucas Queiroz, Sobreira-Neto, Antônio Alves, Portugal, Chiara Gübel, Morais, Lorenzo Marinho, Marinho, Samuel Cavalcante, Gomes, Emanuel de Assis Bertulino Martins, Feitosa, Esther de Alencar Araripe Falcão, Sobreira, Emmanuelle Silva Tavares, Oriá, Reinaldo Barreto, Sobreira-Neto, Manoel Alves, Braga-Neto, Pedro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazil Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, Departamento de Neurologia Cognitiva e Envelhecimento 2024; Associação Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento
• Subjects: CLINICAL NEUROLOGY; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY; HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES; MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL; NURSING; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; PSYCHIATRY; PSYCHOLOGY; View & Review; Cognitive Dysfunction; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; Cognition; Disfunção Cognitiva; Cognição; Síndrome Pós-COVID-19 Aguda
• ISSN: 1980-5764; 1980-5764; 2764-4863
• DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2023-0076

Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus can lead to neurological symptoms in the acute phase and in the Long COVID phase. These symptoms usually involve cognition, sleep, smell disorders, psychiatric manifestations, headache and others. This condition is more commonly described in young adults and women. This symptomatology can follow severe or mild cases of the disease. The importance of this issue resides in the high prevalence of neurological symptoms in the Long COVID phase, which entails significant morbidity in this population. In addition, such a condition is associated with high health care costs, with some estimates hovering around 3.7 trillion US dollars. In this review, we will sequentially describe the current knowledge about the most prevalent neurological symptoms in Long COVID, as well as their pathophysiology and possible biomarkers.