CXCL10 Is a Circulating Inflammatory Marker in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure: a Pilot Study

• Published in: Journal of cardiovascular translational research Vol. 9; no. 4; pp. 302 - 314
• Main Authors: Altara, Raffaele, Manca, Marco, Hessel, Marleen H., Gu, Yumei, van Vark, Laura C., Akkerhuis, K. Martijn, Staessen, Jan A., Struijker-Boudier, Harry A. J., Booz, George W., Blankesteijn, W. Matthijs
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-08-2016
• Subjects: Adult; Animals; Biomarkers - blood; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biomedicine; Cardiology; Case-Control Studies; CD40 Ligand - blood; Chemokine CCL3 - blood; Chemokine CXCL10 - blood; Chemokine CXCL9 - blood; Cluster Analysis; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Heart Failure - blood; Heart Failure - diagnosis; Heart Failure - immunology; Human Genetics; Humans; Inflammation - blood; Inflammation - diagnosis; Inflammation - immunology; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Myocardial Infarction - blood; Myocardial Infarction - diagnosis; Myocardial Infarction - immunology; Original Article; Pilot Projects; Predictive Value of Tests; Principal Component Analysis; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, CXCR3 - blood; Severity of Illness Index; Time Factors; Up-Regulation; Inflammation; Immune response; CXCR3; Chemokines
• ISSN: 1937-5387; 1937-5395
• DOI: 10.1007/s12265-016-9703-3

Chemokines are involved in the remodeling of the heart; however, their significance as biomarkers in heart failure is unknown. We observed that circulating CXCR3 receptor chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in a rat model of heart failure were increased 1 week after myocardial infarction. CXCL10 was also increased in both remote and infarcted regions of the heart and remained elevated at 16 weeks; CXCL9 was elevated in the remote area at 1 week. In humans, hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis revealed that circulating CXCL10, MIP-1α, and CD40 ligand were the best indicators for differentiating healthy and heart failure subjects. Serum CXCL10 levels were increased in patients with symptomatic heart failure as indexed by NYHA classification II through IV. The presence of CXCL10, MIP-1α, and CD40 ligand appears to be dominant in patients with advanced heart failure. These findings identify a distinct profile of inflammatory mediators in heart failure patients.