Individual isotopic fragmentation cross sections of relativistic nuclei in hydrogen, helium, and carbon targets

• Published in: Physical review. C, Nuclear physics Vol. 41; no. 2; pp. 547 - 565
• Main Authors: Webber, WR, Kish, JC, Schrier, DA
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01-02-1990
• Subjects: 640101 - Astrophysics & Cosmology- Cosmic Radiation; 651220 - Nuclear Properties & Reactions, A=1-5, Experimental; 651320 - Nuclear Properties & Reactions, A=6-19, Experimental; ALUMINIUM 27 REACTIONS; ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION; CARBON; CARBON 12 REACTIONS; CHARGED-PARTICLE REACTIONS; CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS; CROSS SECTIONS; DISTRIBUTION; ELEMENTS; ENERGY RANGE; FLUIDS; GALAXIES; GASES; GEV RANGE; HEAVY ION REACTIONS; HELIUM; HYDROGEN; IRON 56 REACTIONS; LINEAR MOMENTUM; MEASURING INSTRUMENTS; NICKEL 58 REACTIONS; NONMETALS; NUCLEAR FRAGMENTATION; NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS; NUCLEAR REACTIONS; OXYGEN 16 REACTIONS; RADIATION DETECTORS; RARE GASES; RELATIVISTIC RANGE; SCINTILLATION COUNTERS; TRANSVERSE MOMENTUM
• ISSN: 0556-2813; 1089-490X
• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.41.547

In this paper, the third in a series of papers, we discuss isotopic fragmentation cross sections measured in hydrogen, helium, and carbon targets. Over 300 of these cross sections have been measured in 24 separate runs using 12 charges from {sup 12}C to {sup 58}Ni. Most of these isotope cross sections were measured at an energy {similar to}600 MeV/nucleon, however, some measurements of the {sup 56}Fe fragmentation are available at an energy {approx gt}1 GeV/nucleon. We observe, comparing both these data and other data, that to first order, the mass fractions for each isotope are essentially independent of energy. This indicates that the energy dependence of the isotopic cross sections is essentially the same as for the charge changing cross sections. It is also observed that the isotopic mass fractions and the width of the mass distributions for each charge are essentially independent of the H, He, and C targets involved. These systematics greatly simplify the construction of a semiempirical formula to describe these cross sections. New isotopic cross sections are presented for a number of interesting reactions, {sup 12}C{r arrow}Be, {sup 16}O{r arrow}N, {sup 27}Al{r arrow}Na, and {sup 56}Fe into Mn and Ar among others. A large body of new data on proton and neutron stripping reactions are also presented and discussed.