Is inertial flywheel resistance training superior to gravity-dependent resistance training in improving muscle strength? A systematic review with meta-analyses

• Published in: Journal of science and medicine in sport Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. 75 - 83
• Main Authors: Vicens-Bordas, J., Esteve, E., Fort-Vanmeerhaeghe, A., Bandholm, T., Thorborg, K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Australia Elsevier Ltd 01-01-2018; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Eccentric overload; Humans; Hypertrophy; Muscle strength; Muscular adaptations; Musculoskeletal system; Physiology; Search strategies; Sports training; Strength training; Systematic review; Weightlifting; Physiology; Muscle strength; Humans; Eccentric overload; Muscular adaptations; Hypertrophy
• ISSN: 1440-2440; 1878-1861
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.10.006

The primary aim of this systematic review was to determine if inertial flywheel resistance training is superior to gravity-dependent resistance training in improving muscle strength. The secondary aim was to determine whether inertial flywheel resistance training is superior to gravity-dependent resistance training in improving other muscular adaptations.
A systematic review with meta-analyses of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials.
We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials with no publication date restrictions until November 2016. We performed meta-analyses on randomised and non-randomised controlled trials to determine the standardized mean difference between the effects of inertial flywheel and gravity-dependent resistance training on muscle strength. A total of 76 and 71 participants were included in the primary and secondary analyses, respectively.
After systematic review, we included three randomised and four non-randomised controlled trials. In the primary analysis for the primary outcome muscle strength, the pooled results from randomised controlled trials showed no difference (SMD=−0.05; 95%CI −0.51 to 0.40; p=0.82; I2=0%). In the secondary analyses of the primary outcome, the pooled results from non-randomised controlled trials showed no difference (SMD=0.02; 95%CI −0.45 to 0.49; p=0.93; I2=0%; and SMD=0.03; 95%CI −0.43 to 0.50; p=0.88; I2=0%). Meta-analysis on secondary outcomes could not be performed.
Based on the available data, inertial flywheel resistance training was not superior to gravity-dependent resistance training in enhancing muscle strength. Data for other strength variables and other muscular adaptations was insufficient to draw firm conclusions from.