High Throughput Genetic Characterisation of Caucasian Patients Affected by Multi-Drug Resistant Rheumatoid or Psoriatic Arthritis

• Published in: Journal of personalized medicine Vol. 12; no. 10; p. 1618
• Main Authors: Tesolin, Paola, Bertinetto, Francesca Eleonora, Sonaglia, Arianna, Cappellani, Stefania, Concas, Maria Pina, Morgan, Anna, Ferrero, Norma Maria, Zabotti, Alen, Gasparini, Paolo, Amoroso, Antonio, Quartuccio, Luca, Girotto, Giorgia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 30-09-2022; MDPI
• Subjects: Alleles; Calcium channels; Disease; Dishevelled protein; Drb1 protein; Drug resistance; ESR1 protein; Etiology; Genes; Genetic screening; Genomes; Genotype & phenotype; Genotypes; Haplotypes; Histocompatibility antigen HLA; Multidrug resistance; Orai1 protein; Patients; Phenotypes; Population; Precision medicine; Psoriasis; Psoriatic arthritis; Rheumatology; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Software; Tissue typing; White people; United States > US; Netherlands; South San Francisco California
• ISSN: 2075-4426; 2075-4426
• DOI: 10.3390/jpm12101618

Rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis (RA and PsA) are inflammatory rheumatic disorders characterised by a multifactorial etiology. To date, the genetic contributions to the disease onset, severity and drug response are not clearly defined, and despite the development of novel targeted therapies, ~10% of patients still display poor treatment responses. We characterised a selected cohort of eleven non-responder patients aiming to define the genetic contribution to drug resistance. An accurate clinical examination of the patients was coupled with several high-throughput genetic testing, including HLA typing, SNPs-array and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES). The analyses revealed that all the subjects carry very rare HLA phenotypes which contain HLA alleles associated with RA development (e.g., HLA-DRB1*04, DRB1*10:01 and DRB1*01). Additionally, six patients also carry PsA risk alleles (e.g., HLA-B*27:02 and B*38:01). WES analysis and SNPs-array revealed 23 damaging variants with 18 novel “drug-resistance” RA/PsA candidate genes. Eight patients carry likely pathogenic variants within common genes (CYP21A2, DVL1, PRKDC, ORAI1, UGT2B17, MSR1). Furthermore, “private” damaging variants were identified within 12 additional genes (WNT10A, ABCB7, SERPING1, GNRHR, NCAPD3, CLCF1, HACE1, NCAPD2, ESR1, SAMHD1, CYP27A1, CCDC88C). This multistep approach highlighted novel RA/PsA candidate genes and genotype-phenotype correlations potentially useful for clinicians in selecting the best therapeutic strategy.