Synthesis, structure, stability and phase diagrams of selected bimetallic silver- and nickel-based nanoparticles

• Published in: Calphad Vol. 64; pp. 139 - 148
• Main Authors: Pinkas, J., Sopoušek, J., Brož, P., Vykoukal, V., Buršík, J., Vřešťál, J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elmsford Elsevier Ltd 01-03-2019; Elsevier BV
• Subjects: Autoclaving; Bimetals; Computer simulation; Copper; Electron microscopy; Gold; High temperature; Knudsen effusion; Mass spectrometry; Melting; Nanoalloy; Nanoalloys; Nanoparticles; Nickel; Organic chemistry; Phase diagrams; Phase stability; Phase transitions; Platinum; Silver; Stability analysis; Structural stability; Synthesis; Thermal analysis; Tin; Melting; Nanoalloy; Electron microscopy; Mass spectrometry
• ISSN: 0364-5916; 1873-2984
• DOI: 10.1016/j.calphad.2018.11.013

An overview of the research on silver-based (Ag-Sn, Ag-Cu, Ag-Ni) and nickel-based (Cu-Ni, Au-Ni, Ni-Pt) bimetallic nanoparticles is presented. The investigated nanoparticles in this review are formed by elements that represent an important group of metals revealing fcc lattice under macro-sized conditions (with the exception of Sn). The effects of surface stabilizing layer of the alloy nanoparticles are also described. Our experience with synthesis, characterization and stabilization of alloy nanoparticles is summarized. The development of the nanoparticle synthesis represents an important and mandatory part of the experimental nanoalloy research. Main synthetic routes under focus are the low temperature borohydride reduction method, the high temperature oleylamine synthesis, and the high pressure method in autoclave. The subsequent structural studies are focused on both nanoparticle core and outer stabilizing layer. The cores of the nanoparticles are studied mainly by electron microscopy techniques. The phase stability of the nanoparticle core is investigated by thermal analysis. The Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry was applied for studies of stabilizing organic molecules that can be found on the surface of the nanoparticles. The presented overview of the experimental results is complemented by thermodynamic calculations of phase diagrams by the CALPHAD method.
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•Silver based Ag-Sn, Ag-Cu, Ag-Ni and nickel based Cu-Ni, Au-Ni nanoparticles were prepared by wet synthesis.•Nanoparticle core was characterized by electron microscopy involving high resolution transmission electron microscopy.•Phase stability of nanoparticle core was investigated by thermal analysis.•Thermal stability and behavior of nanoparticle core and organic molecules were studied by Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry.•Results from phase transformation studies were complemented by calculations of phase diagrams by CALPHAD method.