Placental mesenchymal stem cells as potential autologous graft for pre- and perinatal neuroregeneration

• Published in: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology Vol. 194; no. 3; pp. 664 - 673
• Main Authors: Portmann-Lanz, C. Bettina, Schoeberlein, Andreina, Huber, Alexander, Sager, Ruth, Malek, Antoine, Holzgreve, Wolfgang, Surbek, Daniel V.
• Format: Journal Article Conference Proceeding
• Language: English
• Published: Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Inc 01-03-2006; Elsevier
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Cell Differentiation; Differentiation potential; Ectoderm - cytology; Extraembryonic Membranes - cytology; Female; Fetal Diseases - surgery; Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics; Human amnion, chorion and villous stroma; Humans; Medical sciences; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology; Mesoderm - cytology; Nerve Regeneration; Nervous System - cytology; Neuroregeneration; Placenta - cytology; Placental mesenchymal stem cells; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Trimester, First; Pregnancy Trimester, Third; Placental mesenchymal stem cells; Differentiation potential; Human amnion, chorion and villous stroma; Neuroregeneration; Human; Placenta mesenchymal stem cells Human amnion; Fetal membrane; Stem cell; Gynecology; Hematopoietic cell; Perinatal; Stroma; Chorion; Mesenchymal cell; Cell differentiation; Obstetrics; Pregnancy; Autograft; Placenta; Amnion; Graft; chorion and villous stroma Differentiation potential Neuroregeneration; Differentiation
• ISSN: 0002-9378; 1097-6868
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2006.01.101

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a broad differentiation potential. We aimed to determine if MSCs are present in fetal membranes and placental tissue and to assess their potential to differentiate into neurogenic and mesodermal lineages.
MSCs isolated from first and third trimester chorion and amnion and first trimester chorionic villi and characterized morphologically and by flourescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Their ability to mature under different culture conditions into various cells of mesodermal and neuroectodermal cell lines was assessed by immuno- and cytochemical staining.
Independent of gestational age, cells isolated from fetal membranes and placenta showed typical MSC phenotype (positive for CD166, CD105, CD90, CD73, CD49e, CD44, CD29, CD13, MHC I; negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, MHC II) and were able to differentiate into mesodermal cells expressing cell markers/cytologic staining consistent with mature chondroblasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, or myocytes and into neuronal cells presenting markers of various stages of maturation. The differentiation pattern was mainly dependent on cell type.
Mesenchymal cells from chorion, amnion, and villous stroma can be differentiated into neurogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic lineage. Placental tissue obtained during prenatal chorionic villous sampling or at delivery might be an ideal source for autologous stem cell graft for peripartum neuroregeneration and other clinical issues.