Physical/functional rehabilitation in Brazil: spatiotemporal analysis of the offer in the Public Healthcare System

• Published in: Ciência & saude coletiva Vol. 28; no. 2; pp. 373 - 383
• Main Authors: Gomes, Suzy Maria, Miranda, Gabriella Morais Duarte, Sousa, Fabiana de Oliveira Silva, Nascimento, Cynthia Maria Barboza do, Lima, Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de, Silva, Vanessa de Lima, Vilela, Mirella Bezerra Rodrigues
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva - ABRASCO 01-02-2023
• Subjects: Aged; Brazil; Delivery of Health Care; Disabled Persons - rehabilitation; Discrimination in medical care; Epidemiology; Health care disparities; Humans; Occupational therapy; Physical therapy; Physical Therapy Modalities; Spatio-Temporal Analysis; Speech therapy; Therapeutics, Physiological; Brazil; Brasil
• ISSN: 1413-8123; 1678-4561
• DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232023282.09112022EN

The complex epidemiological profile of Brazil, the aging population and the proportion of individuals with disabilities have led to a substantial increase in the demand for rehabilitation. The spatiotemporal distribution of the offer of physiotherapy, speech therapy and occupational therapy in the Brazilian public healthcare system from 2007 to 2019 was analyzed for the five macro-regions of the country. Data from the National Register of Health Establishments and census estimates from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were used. Indicators of the offer of professionals in these fields services and relative changes in the offer were calculated. The spatial distribution of the relative change in the offer was also determined. A regression model with inflection points was adopted for the analysis of the temporal trend. A growing temporal trend was found in the offer of the three professionals in Brazil as a whole and in all regions of the country, but with a slowdown in growth. Differences were observed in the offer among the regions of the country, revealing healthcare inequality that needs to be overcome. The present findings can assist in planning to expand access to rehabilitation services in the country.